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Effectiveness of Booster Vaccinations on the Control of COVID-19 during the Spread of Omicron Variant in Malaysia.
Wong, Matthew Tze Jian; Dhaliwal, Satvinder Singh; Balakrishnan, Venugopal; Nordin, Fazlina; Norazmi, Mohd Nor; Tye, Gee Jun.
  • Wong MTJ; Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Malaysia.
  • Dhaliwal SS; Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Malaysia.
  • Balakrishnan V; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia.
  • Nordin F; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
  • Norazmi MN; Office of the Provost, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore 599494, Singapore.
  • Tye GJ; Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Malaysia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health ; 20(2)2023 Jan 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2237054
ABSTRACT
(1)

Background:

The assessment of vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron variant is vital in the fight against COVID-19, but research on booster vaccine efficacy using nationwide data was lacking at the time of writing. This study investigates the effectiveness of booster doses on the Omicron wave in Malaysia against COVID-19 infections and deaths; (2)

Methods:

This study uses nationally representative data on COVID-19 from 1 January to 31 March 2022, when the Omicron variant was predominant in Malaysia. Daily new infections, deaths, ICU utilization and Rt values were compared. A screening method was used to predict the vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 infections, whereas logistic regression was used to estimate vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19-related deaths, with efficacy comparison between AZD1222, BNT162b2 and CoronaVac; (3)

Results:

Malaysia's Omicron wave started at the end of January 2022, peaking on 5 March 2022. At the time of writing, statistics for daily new deaths, ICU utilization, and effective reproductive values (Rt) were showing a downtrend. Boosted vaccination is 95.4% (95% CI 95.4, 95.4) effective in curbing COVID-19 infection, compared to non-boosted vaccination, which is 87.2% (95% CI 87.2, 87.2). For symptomatic infection, boosted vaccination is 97.4% (95% CI 97.4, 97.4) effective, and a non-boosted vaccination is 90.9% (95% CI 90.9, 90.9). Against COVID-19-related death, boosted vaccination yields a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 91.7 (95% CI 90.6, 92.7) and full vaccination yields a VE of 65.7% (95% CI 61.9, 69.1). Looking into the different vaccines as boosters, AZD1222 is 95.2% (CI 95% 92.7, 96.8) effective, BNT162b2 is 91.8% (CI 95% 90.7, 92.8) effective and CoronaVac is 88.8% (CI 95% 84.9, 91.7) effective against COVID-19 deaths. (4)

Conclusions:

Boosters are effective in increasing protection against COVID-19, including the Omicron variant. Given that the VE observed was lower, CoronaVac recipients are encouraged to take boosters due to its lower VE.
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Texto completo: Disponible Colección: Bases de datos internacionales Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: COVID-19 / Vacuna BNT162 Tipo de estudio: Estudio experimental / Estudio observacional / Estudio pronóstico Tópicos: Vacunas / Variantes Límite: Humanos País/Región como asunto: Asia Idioma: Inglés Año: 2023 Tipo del documento: Artículo País de afiliación: Ijerph20021647

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Texto completo: Disponible Colección: Bases de datos internacionales Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: COVID-19 / Vacuna BNT162 Tipo de estudio: Estudio experimental / Estudio observacional / Estudio pronóstico Tópicos: Vacunas / Variantes Límite: Humanos País/Región como asunto: Asia Idioma: Inglés Año: 2023 Tipo del documento: Artículo País de afiliación: Ijerph20021647