Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death.
N Engl J Med
; 385(12): 1067-1077, 2021 09 16.
Article
Dans Anglais
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1413249
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Salt substitutes with reduced sodium levels and increased potassium levels have been shown to lower blood pressure, but their effects on cardiovascular and safety outcomes are uncertain.METHODS:
We conducted an open-label, cluster-randomized trial involving persons from 600 villages in rural China. The participants had a history of stroke or were 60 years of age or older and had high blood pressure. The villages were randomly assigned in a 11 ratio to the intervention group, in which the participants used a salt substitute (75% sodium chloride and 25% potassium chloride by mass), or to the control group, in which the participants continued to use regular salt (100% sodium chloride). The primary outcome was stroke, the secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events and death from any cause, and the safety outcome was clinical hyperkalemia.RESULTS:
A total of 20,995 persons were enrolled in the trial. The mean age of the participants was 65.4 years, and 49.5% were female, 72.6% had a history of stroke, and 88.4% a history of hypertension. The mean duration of follow-up was 4.74 years. The rate of stroke was lower with the salt substitute than with regular salt (29.14 events vs. 33.65 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 0.96; P = 0.006), as were the rates of major cardiovascular events (49.09 events vs. 56.29 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.94; P<0.001) and death (39.28 events vs. 44.61 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.95; P<0.001). The rate of serious adverse events attributed to hyperkalemia was not significantly higher with the salt substitute than with regular salt (3.35 events vs. 3.30 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.80 to 1.37; P = 0.76).CONCLUSIONS:
Among persons who had a history of stroke or were 60 years of age or older and had high blood pressure, the rates of stroke, major cardiovascular events, and death from any cause were lower with the salt substitute than with regular salt. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia; SSaSS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02092090.).
Texte intégral:
Disponible
Collection:
Bases de données internationales
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet Principal:
Maladies cardiovasculaires
/
Accident vasculaire cérébral
/
Régime pauvre en sel
/
Hypertension artérielle
Type d'étude:
Étude de cohorte
/
Études expérimentales
/
Étude observationnelle
/
Étude pronostique
/
Essai contrôlé randomisé
Les sujets:
Covid long
Limites du sujet:
Adulte très âgé
/
Femelle
/
Humains
/
Mâle
/
Adulte d'âge moyen
Pays comme sujet:
Asie
langue:
Anglais
Revue:
N Engl J Med
Année:
2021
Type de document:
Article
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