Intranasal Delivery of MVA Vector Vaccine Induces Effective Pulmonary Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 in Rodents.
Front Immunol
; 12: 772240, 2021.
Article
Dans Anglais
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1551510
ABSTRACT
Antigen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) and neutralizing IgA antibodies provide the most effective protection of the lungs from viral infections. To induce those essential components of lung immunity against SARS-CoV-2, we tested various immunization protocols involving intranasal delivery of a novel Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-SARS-2-spike vaccine candidate. We show that a single intranasal MVA-SARS-CoV-2-S application in mice strongly induced pulmonary spike-specific CD8+ T cells, albeit restricted production of neutralizing antibodies. In prime-boost protocols, intranasal booster vaccine delivery proved to be crucial for a massive expansion of systemic and lung tissue-resident spike-specific CD8+ T cells and the development of Th1 - but not Th2 - CD4+ T cells. Likewise, very high titers of IgG and IgA anti-spike antibodies were present in serum and broncho-alveolar lavages that possessed high virus neutralization capacities to all current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Importantly, the MVA-SARS-2-spike vaccine applied in intramuscular priming and intranasal boosting treatment regimen completely protected hamsters from developing SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and pathology. Together, these results identify intramuscular priming followed by respiratory tract boosting with MVA-SARS-2-S as a promising approach for the induction of local, respiratory as well as systemic immune responses suited to protect from SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Mots clés
Texte intégral:
Disponible
Collection:
Bases de données internationales
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet Principal:
Lymphocytes T CD8/
/
Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus
/
Vaccins contre la COVID-19
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Anticorps antiviraux
Type d'étude:
Études expérimentales
Les sujets:
Vaccins
/
Variantes
Limites du sujet:
Animaux
langue:
Anglais
Revue:
Front Immunol
Année:
2021
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
Fimmu.2021.772240
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