INTENSIVE CARE UNIT MANAGEMENT OF SARS-COV-2 PATIENTS: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

ABSTRACT

Y The 2019 Coronavirus disease is a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). COVID-19 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in certain individuals. In such individuals, non-invasive and invasive ventilation methods are used to treat ARDS. Non-invasive ventilation approaches must be used initially before introducing intrusive mechanical ventilation techniques. Non-invasive methods used in the therapy of COVID-19 associated ARDS include high-flow nasal cannula, bi-level positive air pressure, and helmet ventilation. Before employing any of these non-invasive methods, the risk of viral aerosol transmission to healthcare and paramedical personnel must be considered. When non-invasive procedures are used, the load on hospital ventilatory equipment can be reduced. If at all possible, avoid intubating the patient too soon. The clinical appearance of the patient, as well as vital indicators such as oxygen saturation and respiratory rate must be evaluated on frequent basis in order to determine whether the patient requires ventilation. In COVID-19 patients, the judicious application of non-invasive and invasive breathing methods can minimize the risk of death from ARDS.