The
phytochemical profile of
essential oils and extracts from
Casearia sylvestris leaves,
flowers and
fruits have been investigated here. Leaf and
flower extracts were prepared by
sonication and analyzed by
thin-layer chromatography and
high-performance liquid chromatography. The
phenolic content was determined by
ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Leaves,
flowers, and
fruits essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation. The highest extracts yields were 20.3 % (leaves) and 23.4 % (
flowers) with
ethanol 70 %.
Essential oil extraction yields were 0.3 % (leaves) and 0.1 % (
flowers and
fruits). Bicyclogermacrene was the major component in all
essential oil.
Thin-layer chromatography suggests a chemical profile
similar for leaves and
flowers. The leaves and
flowers phenolic content were
similar (14.0 and 15.0 %, respectively).
Chromatography analyses indicated the predominance of casearin
clerodane diterpenes in leaves (λmax 232-235), whereas in
flowers,
diterpenes with a different standard diene in side-chain C13(16) and C14 (λmax 223-229). The different
phytochemical profile of C. sylvestris
flowers as compared to the leaves could be explored by the search for new bioactive components. This is the first
report on the
fruit and
flower C. sylvestris
essential oil composition. These data could be used as
quality control of
herbal medicine derived from C. sylvestris leaves.(AU)