Abstract
Objective: To compare the
incidence of
postoperative complications (PC) between diabetic and nondiabetic
patients undergoing cardiovascular surgeries (CS).
Methods: This is a retrospective
cross-sectional study , based on the
analysis of 288
medical records .
Patients aged ≥ 18 years, admitted to the
intensive care unit (ICU) between January 2012 and January 2013, and undergoing
coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or vascular surgeries were included. The
population was divided into those with and without
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and then it was evaluated the
incidence of PC between the groups.
Results: The sample included 288
patients , most of them being
elderly (67 [60-75] years old)
male (64%) subjects. Regarding to
surgical procedures , 60.4% of them were undergoing vascular surgeries and 39.6% were in the
postoperative period of CABG. The
incidence of T2DM in this
population was 40% (115), just behind
hypertension , with 72% (208). Other
risk factors were also observed, such as
smoking in 95 (33%)
patients ,
dyslipidemias in 54 (19%)
patients , and previous
myocardial infarction in 55 (19%)
patients . No significant difference in relation to PC (
bleeding ,
atrial fibrillation , cardiorespiratory arrest, and respiratory
complications ) between the groups was observed (P>0.05).
Conclusion: T2DM has a high
incidence rate in the
population of
critically ill patients submitted to CS, especially in the
elderly . However, in this small retrospectively analyzed study, there was no significant increase in PC related to diabetes for
patients undergoing CS.