ART tended to negatively affect adherence to TB treatment; with an 8% - 10% decrease in the proportion of patients adherent according to pill count and an 18% - 22% decrease in the proportion of patients adherent according to eMEMS in the first month following ART initiation; independent of the cut-off used to define adherence (90%; 95% or 100%). Reasons for non-adherence were multi factorial; and employment was the only predictor for optimal adherence (adjusted odds ratio 4.11; 95% confidence interval 1.06-16.0).
Conclusion:
Adherence support in the period immediately following ART initiation could optimise treatment outcomes for people living with TB and HIV