Poultry production is the most rapidly expanding
agricultural industry. Consumer
awareness of
animal welfare has grown in recent years, and as a result, consideration for higher-quality
meat production has increased. Environmental changes impact agricultural activity, including
poultry production. These changes have raised serious worries that
will severely impact
poultry health and
productivity due to
climate change. In
light of current environmental changes, determining the ideal environmental conditions for
animals is a difficult challenge for
researchers and breeders. When investigating the best environmental conditions for better
poultry rearing and
production, we must consider
lighting, density, and dietary factors. These factors have separate and interactive effects on
birds'
behavior and performance.
Understanding animal behavior is a key criterion for assessing
animal welfare. It can assist breeders in better managing
farm animals by reflecting the adaptability of the
animal body to the surrounding environmental conditions. However, the optimal
light quality and quantity, density, and
feeding levels for
poultry farming, particularly for
chickens, are still a source of considerable debate among
researchers and breeders. Therefore, this
review discussed the current practical
strategies for improving
poultry behavior, health, and
production through
lighting, density, and
feeding factors.