Predictores clínicos y funcionales del riesgo de cáncer pulmonar en el seguimiento de una cohorte de adultos fumadores / Risk factors for the development of lung cancer in a cohort of adult smokers
Saldías Peñafiel, Fernando; Elola Aránguiz, José Manuel; Uribe Monasterio, Javier; Morales Soto, Arturo; Díaz Patiño, Orlando.
Rev. méd. Chile
; 144(11): 1382-1390, nov. 2016. tab
Artículo
en Español
| LILACS | ID: biblio-845459
Background:
Identifying risk factors for lung cancer in the population could improve the cost-effectiveness of early detection programs using thoracic computed tomography (CT).Aim:
To examine the risk factors of lung cancer in a cohort of adult smokers. Patients andMethods:
An annual clinical and respiratory functional assessment, chest computed tomography for three years and clinical follow up for five years was carried out in 270 patients aged 65 ± 9 years, 55% males, active or former smokers of 10 or more pack-years.Results:
Thirty seven percent of patients were active smokers, consuming 37 ± 26 packs/year, 85% had comorbidities, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (66%), hypertension (48%), diabetes (22%) and dyslipidemia (42%). Thirteen percent of patients had family history of lung cancer. Twenty-one cases of lung cancer were detected in the five years follow up, especially squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. In the univariate analysis, the main risk factors for lung cancer identified were an age older than 60 years, history of COPD, family history of lung cancer, active smoking, tobacco consumption more than 30 pack/year and lung hyperinflation. In multivariate analysis, the three independent risk factors for lung cancer were a family history of lung cancer, active smoking and the number of packs per year of tobacco consumption.Conclusions:
The identification of risk groups probably will improve the performance of programs for early detection of lung cancer.Asunto(s)
Humanos Masculino Femenino Persona de Mediana Edad Anciano Anciano de 80 o más Años Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiología Adenocarcinoma/etiología Fumar/efectos adversos Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiología Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico Adenocarcinoma/epidemiología Fumar/epidemiología Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X Comorbilidad Chile/epidemiología Estudios Prospectivos Factores de Riesgo Estudios de Seguimiento Medición de Riesgo Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/etiología Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/epidemiología Diabetes Mellitus/etiología Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología Dislipidemias/etiología Dislipidemias/epidemiología Detección Precoz del Cáncer Hipertensión/etiología Hipertensión/epidemiología Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiología
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