Cystic fibrosis (CF) is most commonly seen in Caucasians and is uncommon in the
Middle East. This study, based in
Jordan, aimed to describe the
association between
lung exacerbation in CF
patients and the respiratory
microbiome composition. Using the
16S rRNA marker-
gene sequencing, we investigated the
microbiota in sputa during exacerbation (E1) and 14 days after the exacerbation (E2) of two CF
patients admitted to the
hospital. Detected genera with high abundance in the E1-related sputa of the first
patient included
Achromobacter and
Streptococcus. At E2,
Achromobacter and
Staphylococcus were the highest abundant genera. Regarding the second
patient,
Veillonella and
Streptococcus, were the highest abundant genera at E1. Whereas,
Streptococcus and
Veillonella were the highest abundant genera. This is the first study, based in
Jordan, to
report and describe the respiratory
microbiome during and after the exacerbation of CF
patients. This study suggests that pulmonary exacerbation in CF
patients can result in alterations in their respiratory
microbiome. A better
knowledge of this link could allow more focused use of
antibiotics, especially during exacerbations, improving
clinical efficacy and
patient outcomes. (AU)