A comparative study of platelet-rich plasma, hydroxyapatite, demineralizedbone matrix and autologous bone to promote bone regeneration after mandibularimpacted third molar extraction

Arenaz-Búa, Jorge; Sironvalle-Soliva, Sheila; Patiño-Seijas, Beatriz; Luaces-Rey, Ramón; Martín-Sastre, Roberto; García-Rozado, Álvaro; Lorenzo-Franco, Fernanda; Ferreras-Granados, José; Vázquez-Mahía, Inés; López-Cedrún, José-Luis

Objectives:

1) to compare mandibular bone regeneration by applying autologous bone, platelet-rich plasma andtwo biomaterials (synthetic calcium hydroxyapatite, and demineralized bone matrix), and thus establish the potentialbenefits of these biomaterials in the regeneration of postextraction alveolar bone, 2) to identify wich of themaccelerates more bone regeneration and 3) to determine whether there are differences in the postoperative period(pain, swelling, trismus, infection) depending on the material used.Study

Design:

It consists in a prospective, controlled (with a split- mouth design) and double blinded study. We useas a model an easily reproducible non-critical bone defect the defect that remains after extraction of mandibularimpacted third molar. The study design is based on the extraction of two mandibular impacted third molars ina patient during the same surgical procedure by the same surgeon. We assessed postoperative clinical data, andshort, medium and long term neoformation of alveolar bone after extraction. We compared the two sockets (rightand left), which had been grafted in a different way with the various elements mentioned above. In addition, wecompared the postoperative inflammatory symptoms between groups.

Results:

The highest acceleration in bone formation was observed in groups in which we used autologous boneand demineralized bone matrix. There were no statistically significant differences between groups regarding pain,swelling, trismus and infection throughout the postoperative period.

Conclusions:

According to the results of our study, autologous bone persists as the gold standard material for boneregeneration. Among the assessed biomaterials, demineralized bone matrix has yielded the best results obtained.No significant differences in the postoperative (pain, swelling, trismus and infectious events) were observed, dependingon the type of material used as a graft (AU)

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