The visceral space is an infrahyoid space within the middle layer of the deep cervical fascia. It is bounded superiorly by the hyoidbone and by the mediastinum inferiorly. The middle layer of the deep cervical fascia has two components the visceral and the muscular components. The muscular component encloses the straps muscles attaching superiorly to the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage and inferiorly to the sternum, clavicle and scapula. The visceral component surrounds the parathyroid and thyroid glands, the aerodigestive tract, including the larynx, hypopharynx, trachea and esophagus. Several different imaging methods can be used in the radiological study of the visceral space including conventional radiology (plain X-ray and contrast exams), ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. It is also import not to forget the importance of nuclear medicine.