Besides a strict medical and clinical evaluation, implant therapy should contemplate some aspects directly related to the surgical procedures. Factors such as bone density, volume and height at the implant site, the precise position of vital structures, namely mandibular canal and maxillary sinus, are fundamental for diagnostics. Some radiographic techniques have been indicated for these purposes, allowing the clinician to obtain knowledge and clinical experience for the best method, taking into account the costs, the radiation doses taken by patients and the efficacy of the acquired information. The aim of the present study is for contribute to the understanding of the present radiographic methods, their indications, advantages, and limitations.