Rapid adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice: Novel mouse model for vaccine efficacy
Hongjing Gu; Qi Chen; Guan Yang; Lei He; Hang Fan; Yong-qiang Deng; Yanxiao Wang; Yue Teng; Zhongpeng Zhao; Yujun Cui; Yuchang Li; Xiao-Feng Li; Jiangfan Li; Nana Zhang; Xiaolan Yang; Shaolong Chen; Guangyu Zhao; Xiliang Wang; Deyan Luo; Hui Wang; Xiao Yang; Yan Li; Gencheng Han; Yuxian He; Xiaojun Zhou; Shusheng Geng; Xiaoli Sheng; Bojiang Shi; Shihui Sun; Cheng-Feng Qin; Yusen Zhou.
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| PREPRINT-BIORXIV | ID: ppbiorxiv-073411
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) threatens global public health and economy. In order to develop safe and effective vaccines, suitable animal models must be established. Here we report the rapid adaption of SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice, based on which a convenient, economical and effective animal model was developed. Specifically, we found that mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 at passage 6 (MACSp6) efficiently infected both aged and young wild-type BALB/c mice, resulting in moderate pneumonia as well as inflammatory responses. The elevated infectivity of MACSp6 in mice could be attributed to the substitution of a key residue (N501Y) in the receptorbinding domain (RBD). Using this novel animal model, we further evaluated the in vivo protective efficacy of an RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine, which elicited highly potent neutralizing antibodies and conferred full protection against SARS-CoV-2 MACSp6 challenge. This novel mouse model is convenient and effective in evaluating the in vivo protective efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. SummaryThis study describes a unique mouse model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and confirms protective efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2 RBD subunit vaccine.
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