Broad ultra-potent neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants by monoclonal antibodies specific to the tip of RBD
Hang Ma; Yingying Guo; Haoneng Tang; Chien-Te Tseng; Lei Wang; Huifang Zong; Zhenyu Wang; Yang He; Yunsong Chang; Shusheng Wang; Haiqiu Huang; Yong Ke; Yunsheng Yuan; Mingyuan Wu; Yuanyuan Zhang; Aleksandra Drelich; Kempaiah Kempaiah; Bi-Hung Peng; Ailin Wang; Kaiyong Yang; Haiyang Yin; Junjun Liu; Yali Yue; Wenbo Xu; Shuangli Zhu; Tianjiao Ji; Gang Li; Guangchun Liu; Jingjing Song; Lingling Mu; ZongShang Xiang; Zhangyi Song; Hua Chen; Yanlin Bian; Baohong Zhang; Hui Chen; Jiawei Zhang; Yunji Liao; Li Zhang; John Gilly; Xiaodong Xiao; Lei Han; Hua Jiang; Yueqing Xie; Qiang Zhou; Jianwei Zhu.
Preprint
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| PREPRINT-BIORXIV | ID: ppbiorxiv-461616
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) continue to wreak havoc across the globe. Higher transmissibility and immunologic resistance of VOCs bring unprecedented challenges to epidemic extinguishment. Here we describe a monoclonal antibody, 2G1, that neutralizes all current VOCs and has surprising tolerance to mutations adjacent to or within its interaction epitope. Cryo-electron microscopy structure showed that 2G1 bound to the tip of receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike protein with small contact interface but strong hydrophobic effect, which resulted in nanomolar to sub-nanomolar affinities to spike proteins. The epitope of 2G1 on RBD partially overlaps with ACE2 interface, which gives 2G1 ability to block interaction between RBD and ACE2. The narrow binding epitope but high affinity bestow outstanding therapeutic efficacy upon 2G1 that neutralized VOCs with sub-nanomolar IC50 in vitro. In SARS-CoV-2 and Beta- and Delta-variant-challenged transgenic mice and rhesus macaque models, 2G1 protected animals from clinical illness and eliminated viral burden, without serious impact to animal safety. Mutagenesis experiments suggest that 2G1 could be potentially capable of dealing with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants in future. This report characterized the therapeutic antibodies specific to the tip of spike against SARS-CoV-2 variants and highlights the potential clinical applications as well as for developing vaccine and cocktail therapy.
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