Adaptive immunity to human coronaviruses is widespread but low in magnitude
Hyon-Xhi Tan; Wen Shi Lee; Kathleen M Wragg; Christina Nelson; Robyn Esterbauer; Hannah G Kelly; Thakshila Amarasena; Robert M Jones; Graham Starkey; Bao Zhong Wang; Osamu Yoshino; Thomas Tiang; M Lindsay Grayson; Helen Opdam; Angela Vago; - The Austin Liver Transplant Perfusionist Group; Laura K Mackay; Claire L Gordon; Adam K Wheatley; Stephen J Kent; Jennifer A Juno.
Preprint
en Inglés
| PREPRINT-MEDRXIV | ID: ppmedrxiv-21250074
Endemic human coronaviruses (hCoV) circulate worldwide but cause minimal mortality. Although seroconversion to hCoV is near ubiquitous during childhood, little is known about hCoV-specific T cell memory in adults. We quantified CD4 T cell and antibody responses to hCoV spike antigens in 42 SARS-CoV-2 uninfected individuals. T cell responses were widespread within conventional memory and cTFH compartments but did not correlate with IgG titres. SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells were observed in 48% of participants and correlated with HKU1 memory. hCoV-specific T cells exhibited a CCR6+ central memory phenotype in the blood, but were enriched for frequency and CXCR3 expression in human lung draining lymph nodes. Overall, hCoV-specific humoral and cellular memory are independently maintained, with a shared phenotype existing among coronavirus-specific CD4 T cells. This understanding of endemic coronavirus immunity provides insight into the homeostatic maintenance of immune responses that are likely to be critical components of protection against SARS-CoV-2.
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