Transmission, infectivity, and antibody neutralization of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant in California carrying a L452R spike protein mutation
Xianding Deng; Miguel A Garcia-Knight; Mir M Khalid; Venice Servellita; Candace Wang; Mary Kate Morris; Alicia Sotomayor-Gonzalez; Dustin R Glasner; Kevin R Reyes; Amelia S Gliwa; Nikitha P Reddy; Claudia Sanchez San Martin; Scot Federman; Jing Cheng; Joanna Balcerek; Jordan Taylor; Jessica A Streithorst; Steve Miller; G. Renuka Kumar; Bharath Sreekumar; Pei-Yi Chen; Ursula Schulze-Gahmen; Taha Y Taha; Jennifer M Hayashi; Camille R Siomoneau; Sarah McMahon; Peter V Lidsky; Yinghong Xiao; Nicole M Green; Peera Hemarajata; Alex Espinosa; Chantha Kath; Monica Haw; John Bell; Jill K Hacker; Carl Hanson; Debra A Wadford; Carlos Anaya; Donna Ferguson; Liana F Lareau; Phillip A Frankino; Haridha Shivram; Stacia K Wyman; Melanie Ott; Raul Andino; Charles Y Chiu.
Preprint
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| PREPRINT-MEDRXIV | ID: ppmedrxiv-21252647
We identified a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant by viral whole-genome sequencing of 2,172 nasal/nasopharyngeal swab samples from 44 counties in California. Named B.1.427/B.1.429 to denote its 2 lineages, the variant emerged around May 2020 and increased from 0% to >50% of sequenced cases from September 1, 2020 to January 29, 2021, exhibiting an 18.6-24% increase in transmissibility relative to wild-type circulating strains. The variant carries 3 mutations in the spike protein, including an L452R substitution. Our analyses revealed 2-fold increased B.1.427/B.1.429 viral shedding in vivo and increased L452R pseudovirus infection of cell cultures and lung organoids, albeit decreased relative to pseudoviruses carrying the N501Y mutation found in the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 variants. Antibody neutralization assays showed 4.0 to 6.7-fold and 2.0-fold decreases in neutralizing titers from convalescent patients and vaccine recipients, respectively. The increased prevalence of a more transmissible variant in California associated with decreased antibody neutralization warrants further investigation.
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