The inducible
transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (
NF-kappaB)
plays a central
role in
regulation of many immune, inflammatory and carcinogenic responses. While normal activation of
NF-kappaB is required for
cell survival and
immunity, aberrant
regulation of
NF-kappaB leads to development of many pathological states especially those involved in acute
inflammation. Recent advances in our
knowledge of the signaling mechanisms those control the activation of
NF-kappaB highlights the intriguing aspect of
NF-kappaB regulation, namely the
ability of many different
signal transduction pathways originating from a wide variety of inducing mechanisms to converge on a single target, the
NF-kappaB/IkappaB complex. In this
review we summarize our current
understanding of the
NF-kappaB signaling pathways, their
role in various cellular responses and the potential of using
NF-kappaB as a
therapeutic target in
modern medicine.