Pulmonary
complications occur in 40~60% of
patients who receive
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and are a source of substantial
morbidity and
mortality. Acute
eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is an uncommon, non-infectious pulmonary complication occurring in HSCT recipients. We now
report the case of a 52-year-old man with AEP
who was treated with allogenic HSCT due to
acute myeloid leukemia. He complained of
fever,
cough and
dyspnea 390 days after allogenic HSCT. He also had
skin and hepatic
graft versus host disease (GVHD).
Hypoxemia, diffuse pulmonary infiltrates on a
chest x-ray and
eosinophilia in
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were also noted in several tests. His symptoms, pulmonary infiltrates, hepatic dysfunction and
skin lesions rapidly improved
after treatment with
corticosteroid therapy. Our case supports the idea that AEP is a late phase non-infectious pulmonary complication and one of the manifestations of chronic GVHD.