Over the past decade, an increasing number of
neuroimaging studies have provided insight into the neurobiological mechanisms of
posttraumatic stress disorder (PSTD). In particular, molecular
neuroimaging techniques have been employed in examining metabolic and neurochemical processes in
PTSD. This article reviews molecular
neuroimaging studies in
PTSD and focuses on findings using three imaging modalities including
positron emission tomography (
PET),
single photon emission computed tomography (
SPECT), and
magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Although there were some inconsistences in the findings,
patients with
PTSD showed altered cerebral
metabolism and
perfusion, receptor bindings, and metabolite profiles in the limbic regions, medial
prefrontal cortex, and temporal cortex. Studies that have investigated
brain correlates of
treatment response are also reviewed. Lastly, the limitations of the molecular
neuroimaging studies and potential
future research directions are discussed.