Dermatomyositis is a
inflammatory myopathy associated with
interstitial lung disease in 5~10% of cases. The occurrence of diffuse alveolar
hemorrhage (DAH) is considered exceptional in the
course of
dermatomyositis. We experienced a case of DAH in a 58-year-old
female with
dermatomyositis. DAH was diagnosed by
anemia, infiltration on
chest X-ray and computed
tomography, and a bloody aspirate on
bronchoscopy. Combined
Pneumocystis jiroveci (PJP)
pneumonia was suspected, as the
polymerase chain reaction for PJP was positive. After intravenous the
administration of
immunoglobulin and
treatment for the PJP, she markedly improved but subsequently developed
nosocomial pneumonia and died.