<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate
risk factors for
parenteral nutrition-associated
cholestasis (PNAC) in
preterm infants.</p><p><b>
METHODS</b>A retrospective
case-control study was performed on 244
preterm infants who received
parenteral nutrition (PN) for over 14 days from January 2000 to October 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those without PNAC (n=221),
preterm infants with PNAC (n=23) had a longer total duration of PN, a higher total
amino acid intake, a higher total
lipid intake, a higher maximum daily
amino acid intake, a higher maximum daily
lipid intake, a higher intravenous
calorie intake on the 14th day of PN, a lower
birth weight and higher
incidence rates of neonatal
infection and
anemia. Compared with those with PNAC,
preterm infants without PNAC
who showed a higher total
amino acid intake also had a higher total
lipid intake, a longer total duration of PN, a higher rate of
mechanical ventilation and a lower
gestational age. The
preterm infants without PNAC
who showed a higher total
lipid intake also had a lower
gestational age.
Preterm infants without PNAC
who showed a longer total duration of PN also had a lower
gestational age.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Total duration of PN, total
amino acid intake, maximum daily
amino acid intake, total
lipid intake, maximum daily
lipid intake, intravenous
calorie intake on the 14th day of PN,
low birth weight, and neonatal
infection and
anemia are the
risk factors for PNAC. Other
risk factors need further investigation.</p>