Adipokines, the bioactive factors derived mainly from
adipocytes, regulate pancreatic beta-
cell function including
insulin secretion,
gene expression and
apoptosis. In this
review, we propose that
adipokines influence beta-
cell function through three interdependent pathways. The first is through regulating
lipid and
glucose metabolism in beta-
cells. The second implicates the change of
ion channel opening and closing in beta-
cells. The third pathway is via the modification of
insulin sensitivity of beta-
cells. The endocrine function of
adipocytes is dynamic, and the
secretion of various
adipokines changes under different metabolic conditions. During the progression from the normal
state to
obesity and to
type 2 diabetes,
adipokines contribute to the occurrence and development of beta-
cell dysfunction in
type 2 diabetes.