PURPOSE: To describe the characteristics and frequency of ophthalmologic findings in
patients with
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).
METHODS: The
medical records of
patients diagnosed with LGS at
Seoul National
University Children 's
Hospital from January 2004 to August 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The
records of 34
patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 2.66 ± 3.51 years;
male , 58.8%) were reviewed. The primary
measure was the
incidence of ophthalmologic manifestations.
RESULTS: Of the 34
patients , 88.2% had at least one ocular abnormality.
Refractive error (52.9%) was the most frequently observed ophthalmologic manifestation in
patients with LGS, followed by
strabismus (32.4%), cortical
visual impairment (23.5%), and
retinopathy of prematurity (8.8%). Among these cases, seven
patients had
exotropia and three had
esotropia .
CONCLUSIONS: LGS is a childhood-onset epileptic
encephalopathy with variable ophthalmologic manifestations, the most frequent being
refractive errors .
Patients with suspected LGS should be examined regularly because ophthalmological features can change during their
disease course .