Environmental pollution affects the quality of pedosphere, hydrosphere,
atmosphere,
lithosphere and
biosphere. Great efforts have been made in the last two decades to reduce
pollution sources and remedy the polluted
soil and
water resources.
Phytoremediation, being more
cost-effective and fewer side effects than physical and chemical approaches, has gained increasing popularity in both academic and practical circles. More than 400
plant species have been identified to have potential for
soil and
water remediation. Among them,
Thlaspi,
Brassica,
Sedum alfredii H., and
Arabidopsis species have been mostly studied. It is also expected that recent advances in
biotechnology will play a promising
role in the development of new hyperaccumulators by
transferring metal hyperaccumulating
genes from low
biomass wild species to the higher
biomass producing cultivated species in the times to come. This
paper attempted to provide a brief
review on recent progresses in
research and practical applications of
phytoremediation for
soil and
water resources.