<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the
nutritional status of
children on
maintenance hemodialysis due to stage 5
chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the
clinical significance of
nutritional assessment indices.</p><p><b>
METHODS</b>A total of 21
children on
maintenance hemodialysis due to stage 5 CKD were grouped according to
body mass index. The
nutritional status was assessed based on anthropometric
parameters, biochemical
parameters, inflammatory factors, residual renal function, indices of
dialysis adequacy, and resting
energy expenditure. Related indices were compared between the
children with
malnutrition and those with normal
nutritional status.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 21
children, 10 had
malnutrition and 11 had normal
nutritional status. There were significant differences between the two groups in anthropometric
parameters, levels of
leptin,
insulin-like growth factor-1,
interleukin-1,
interleukin-6, and
tumor necrosis factor-α, and mean 24-hour residual
urine volume (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in
albumin,
prealbumin,
CONCLUSIONS:
urea clearance index (Kt/V), and measured resting
energy expenditure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Anthropometric
parameters, biochemical
parameters, residual renal function, and inflammatory factors have an important value in evaluating the
nutritional status of
children with stage 5 CKD on
maintenance hemodialysis. Further studies are needed to investigate the value of the measurement of resting
energy expenditure in the evaluation and
monitoring of
nutritional status in
children with stage 5 CKD on
maintenance hemodialysis.</p>