The relationship between
salt intake and adequate
blood pressure control is not well investigated in
Korea populations, especially in
patients with
cardiovascular disease. This
cross-sectional study enrolled 19,083 subjects
who participated in the
Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2009-2011. The amount of
salt intake was estimated using the Tanaka equations based on spot
urine samples. Comparing
patients with and without
cardiovascular disease, systolic
blood pressure (129.1+/-18.1 mmHg vs. 120.0+/-18.1 mmHg, P<0.001) and the amount of urinary
sodium excretion (149.4+/-37.5 mM/day vs. 144.1+/-36.2 mM/day, P<0.001) were higher in
patients with
cardiovascular diseases. Among
patients with
cardiovascular disease, the
high blood pressure group showed an increased amount of urinary
sodium excretion compared to the normal
blood pressure group (155.5+/-38.2 vs. 146.6+/-36.9 mM/day, P<0.001). The
odds ratio (OR) of
high blood pressure was higher (OR, 1.825; 95% CI, 1.187-2.807; P-for-trend 0.003, highest quartile of urinary
sodium excretion vs. lowest quartile) in
patients with
cardiovascular disease. A higher amount of urinary
sodium excretion was associated with a lower rate of adequate
blood pressure control in Korean
population, especially with
cardiovascular disease.