Most of
temporal arteritis occurs in the older
patient over 50 years old, and the histopathologic finding shows a granulomatous
inflammation, so this called
giant cell arteritis. However, the young
patients also present with a nodular lesion in their temple, and
juvenile temporal arteritis (JTA) should be considered as one of the
differential diagnosis, although it is very rare. For both
diagnosis and
treatment of JTA, excisional
biopsy is essential. The pathologic finding of the
temporal artery shows panarteritis with lymphoeosinophilic infiltrates, but no
giant cell or granulomatous lesion. JTA is a localized
disease with low level of systemic inflammatory marker, so the symptom is usually relieved by excision of affected lesion. Peripheral
blood eosinophilia present in some cases of JTA, but its relation with
clinical course and
prognosis is not yet been known. Herein, we
report the case of a 24-year-old man diagnosed with concurrent JTA and
hypereosinophilic syndrome. We also reviewed the
literature of JTA focusing on the impact of combined peripheral
eosinophilia on the
course of the
disease. Combined peripheral
eosinophilia may increase the
risk of
recurrence of JTA after local
treatment such as excision only.