The most common type of refractory
hypertension found in
children is
secondary hypertension, which is a potentially curable
disease. Reninoma, a
renin-secreting juxtaglomerular
cell tumor, is a rare cause of severe
hypertension that is usually diagnosed in
adolescents and
young adults. Surgical resection of the
tumor completely cures the
hypertension of
patients with reninoma. The typical clinical presentation of reninoma includes
hypokalemia, metabolic
alkalosis, and features
secondary to the increased activation of the
renin-angiotensin system without
renal artery stenosis. We
report a case of reninoma in a
female adolescent with a typical clinical presentation, in which surgical removal of the
tumor completely cured
hypertension. We discuss here the clinical features, imaging studies, and immunohistochemical examination of the
tumor used to establish the
diagnosis of reninoma and for the management of the condition.