Addressing the increasing
antibiotic resistance, including
clarithromycin resistance, which
affects Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication
therapy, is a challenge for clinicians.
Antibiotic resistance is the main reason for H. pylori eradication failure and the resistance rate for
clarithromycin may drastically increase, up to 38.5%, due to
23S ribosomal RNA point mutations. Therefore, the standard triple regimen is no longer suitable as the first-line
treatment in most regions. However, there is a growing interest in personalized care for
patients. Increased eradication rates of tailored
therapy based on
antibiotic susceptibility have been reported using
nucleic acid-based
techniques for
clarithromycin resistance with a focus on the first-line eradication
therapy of H. pylori
infection. Herein, we discuss the eradication
therapy for H. pylori, with a
diagnostic test and appropriate
treatment for
clarithromycin resistance.