Objective@#To
review and summarize recent update on preoperative diagnostic criteria,
treatment and postoperative follow-up for medullary
thyroid carcinoma.@*
Methods@#The relevant
literatures and guidelines about medullary
thyroid carcinoma were analyzed and summarized.@*Results@#In the early stages of the
disease radical
surgery still dominated. Ultrasound results suggested that prophylactic lateral
neck dissection was required for
patients with high
risk factors or high levels of
carcinoembryonic antigen and
calcitonin need prophylactic. Early hereditary
medullary carcinoma could receive prophylactic
thyroidectomy based on RET
gene test results. Advanced progressive medullary
thyroid carcinoma could be treated with
palliative surgery,molecular targeted
drugs and
chemotherapy.@*Conclusions@#The
prognosis of medullary
thyroid carcinoma is poor and
lymph node metastasis is easy to occur early. The extent of initial operation should be enough. Locally advanced or distant metastatic medullary
thyroid carcinoma can be treated with
palliative surgery,molecular targeted
drugs and
chemotherapy.