BACKGROUND/
AIMS:
Chronic
liver disease is a major widespread
cause of death, and whole
liver transplantation is the only definitive
treatment for
patients with end-stage
liver diseases. However, many problems, including
donor shortage, surgical
complications and
cost, hinder their usage. Recently,
tissue-
engineering technology provided a potential breakthrough for solving these problems. Three-dimensional (3D)
printing technology has been used to mimic
tissues and organs suitable for
transplantation, but applications for the
liver have been rare.
METHODS:
A
3D bioprinting system was used to construct 3D printed hepatic structures using
alginate.
HepG2 cells were cultured on these 3D structures for 3 weeks and examined by
fluorescence microscopy,
histology and
immunohistochemistry. The expression of
liver-specific markers was quantified on days 1, 7, 14, and 21.
RESULTS:
The
cells grew well on the
alginate scaffold, and
liver-specific
gene expression increased. The
cells grew more extensively in 3D
culture than two-dimensional
culture and exhibited better structural aspects of the
liver, indicating that the
3D bioprinting method recapitulates the
liver architecture.
CONCLUSIONS:
The
3D bioprinting of hepatic structures appears feasible. This
technology may become a major tool and provide a
bridge between basic
science and the clinical challenges for
regenerative medicine of the
liver.