Streptococcus pneumoniae is the dominant pathogen of
respiratory tract infections in
children.Due to the long-term overuse of
antibiotics, the growing resistance of
Streptococcus pneumoniae against many kinds of
antimicrobial agents, including the β-lactamides, the
macrolides, the
fluoroquinolones and so on, increasing
infections caused by
drug-resistant pneumococcal isolates, as well as the wide
prevalence of such
infections have posed great challenges to the selection of
antibiotics in clinical practice.In this article, changes of resistance patterns of
Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates against commonly used
antimicrobial agents in
Chinese children in the past 30 years were reviewed.The rapid development of
antibiotic resistance of
Streptococcus pneumoniae necessitates the prevention and control of
Streptococcus pneumoniae infections as well as the reduction of unreasonable use of
antibiotics.