Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to many
health problems like
diabetic nephropathy (DN). One of the key factors for
chronic kidney disease and
end-stage renal disease (
ESRD) is T2DM. Extensive
work is being done to delineate the pathogenesis of DN and to extend possible remedies. This
review is intended to understand the
nature of DN
risk factors, progression, effects of glycemic levels, and stages of DN. We also explored the novel diagnostic and
therapeutic approaches for DN such as
gene therapy and
stem cell treatments.