Neonatal
diabetes mellitus can be categorized as
transient, permanent, or syndromic, and approximately half of the cases are
transient. We present a case involving a term
newborn who showed overt progression of
transient neonatal
diabetes mellitus, with complete remission within 6 months. On the second day of
life, the
patient presented with
tachypnea,
hyperglycemia, and decreased
serum levels of
C-peptide and
insulin. Continuous
subcutaneous infusion of
insulin and
continuous glucose monitoring were well tolerated. The
patient showed a normal
growth pattern, with no hyperglycemic or
hypoglycemic episodes at 6 months of age. As it is rare and often asymptomatic,
hyperglycemia may be attributed to various factors, including intrauterine
environment, perinatal stress, and diverse
genetic background. Therefore, consistent
blood glucose monitoring and prompt early
insulin therapy are crucial for any term
newborns with persistent
hyperglycemia, to prevent further
diabetic complications. Moreover, continuous subcutaneous
insulin infusion and the utilization of
continuous glucose monitoring devices are the most effective and practical management
strategies.