Whiplash-associated disorders usually appear as symptoms of
neck pain,
headache, and limited
cervical spine activities, etc. Its mechanism is complicated, which is related with the sudden
acceleration-
deceleration mechanism conducted to the cervical vertebral
joint,
ligaments,
muscles and nerves. Recently, it was found that low capacity of
cerebrospinal fluid,
fibromyalgia, and
injury of
central nervous system are also associated with those symptoms. The focus of
exercise on equal length contraction and endurance of
neck deep
muscles can significantly improve the symptoms of
patients without neurological
injury. Ultrasound can be used to dynamically detect deformation and deformation rate patterns of both deep and shallow
muscle in the
exercise group and the conservative
observation group. It is suggested that
exercise can improve
muscle movement patterns and repair damaged
neck muscles at the same
time.