The
incidence of
parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is low while the long-term outcome is poor in most cases. Most
patients with PC suffered from
relapse or
metastasis, and the main reason of
mortality is
hypercalcemia and related
complications.
Surgery is the main
therapy for PC. Local resection is suitable for benign lesion while radical resection including parathyroid lesion, ipsilateral
thyroid lobe and surrounding soft
tissue is suggested for
parathyroid carcinoma. It is still difficult to identify the
malignancy among
parathyroid neoplasm before operation without distant
metastasis.
Parathyroid carcinoma was diagnosed after first
surgery of local resection in most
patients with histopathological evaluation. The significance of remedial
surgery for this situation was still indeterminate. In this
review, the different
opinions about the management of PC were introduced and several
suggestions were presented based on the
literatures.