This article introduced the background, significance, working mode, talenttraining, qualification certification and clinical practice of oncology genetic nurses, providing the analysis of oncology genetic nurse development opportunities and challenges in our country. Proposals were put forward that China should draw lessons from successful experience of the development of oncology genetic nurses, strengthen the genetic nursingability of nurses, establish oncology genetic nursetraining mode, improve the post-setting and operation mechanism to meet the needs of hereditary oncology nursing management.