Objective: To study the
incidence of
bloodstream infections , pathogen distribution, and
antibiotic resistance profile in
patients with
hematological malignancies .
Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and
antibiotic resistance profiles of
patients with malignant
hematological diseases and
bloodstream infections in the Department of
Hematology , Nanfang
Hospital , Southern Medical
University .
Results: A total of 582
incidences of
bloodstream infections occurred in 22,717
inpatients . From 2018 to 2021, the
incidence rates of
bloodstream infections were 2.79%, 2.99%, 2.79%, and 2.02%, respectively. Five hundred ninety-nine types of
bacteria were recovered from
blood cultures , with 487 (81.3%)
gram-negative bacteria , such as
Klebsiella pneumonia ,
Escherichia coli , and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Eighty-one (13.5%) were
gram-positive bacteria , primarily
Staphylococcus aureus ,
Staphylococcus epidermidis , and
Enterococcus faecium , whereas the remaining 31 (5.2%) were
fungi .
Enterobacteriaceae resistance to
carbapenems ,
piperacillin /
tazobactam ,
cefoperazone sodium /
sulbactam , and
tigecycline were 11.0%, 15.3%, 15.4%, and 3.3%, with a descending trend year on year. Non-fermenters tolerated
piperacillin /
tazobactam ,
cefoperazone sodium /
sulbactam , and
quinolones at 29.6%, 13.3%, and 21.7%, respectively. However, only two
gram-positive bacteria isolates were shown to be resistant to
glycopeptide antibiotics .
Conclusions: Bloodstream pathogens in
hematological malignancies were broadly dispersed, most of which were
gram-negative bacteria .
Antibiotic resistance rates vary greatly between species. Our
research serves as a valuable
resource for the selection of empirical
antibiotics .