High-level pathogenic microorganism laboratories are strategic scientific and technological forces of national biosafety, so it is significant to improve the policy and system management and strengthen the safetysupervision. This paper reviewed the current status of management policy and system of high-level pathogenic microorganism laboratories, summarized the problems and challenges in terms of safetylaws and regulations, supervision mechanism, hierarchical and classified management, standards and norms, legal person responsibility system, occupational access system and personneltraining system. This paper also proposed targeted policysuggestions that might underlie the biosafety management of high-level pathogenic microorganism laboratories in China.