Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of
type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),which is also the main cause of
chronic kidney disease (CKD) and
end-stage renal disease (
ESRD). However, the
treatment methods are limited at present. More and more evidences have indicated that inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of DN. Several anti-inflammatory
strategies that target specific inflammatory mediators (
transcription factors, pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
chemokines, adhesion molecules) and intracellular signaling pathways have shown benefits in the DN
rodent model. The mechanisms related to
inflammation in the development and progression of DN were summarized and new
strategies to prevent or treat DN based on
inflammation were briefly discussed in this
review.