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2.
Gac Med Mex ; 158(1): 36-40, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35404925

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Head and neck cancer patients are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection; surgery in them involves risk for patients, surgeons, health personnel, medical institutions and society, since it is associated with prolonged and inadvertent production of aerosols and emergency procedures that facilitate the breach of protective measures by health personnel. OBJECTIVE: To find out if pulmonary tomographic findings are sufficient to preoperatively identify patients with COVID-19. METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study of patients with cervical-facial neoplasms who were candidates for surgery, preoperatively evaluated by simple chest computed tomography based on the CO-RADS classification. In CO-RADS ≥ 3 patients, surgery was suspended and PCR was performed using nasopharyngeal swab. RESULTS: 322 patients were included, all without COVID-19 symptoms. Tomography was positive in 35 (10.87%); in 30, nasopharyngeal swab was performed: 28 were negative and two were positive; none developed COVID-19 symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Chest tomography is not useful as the only preoperative screening procedure for COVID-19, since its findings are nonspecific, with a high rate of false-positive results. Clinical evaluation, with PCR and tomography, is the best form of preoperative screening.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Los pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello tienen alto riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2; la cirugía en ellos implica riesgo para pacientes, cirujanos, personal de salud, institución médica y sociedad, ya que se asocia a aerosolización prolongada e inadvertida y a procedimientos de urgencia que facilitan la ruptura de las medidas de protección del personal de salud. OBJETIVO: Conocer si los hallazgos tomográficos pulmonares son suficientes para identificar en forma preoperatoria a los pacientes con COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y analítico de pacientes con neoplasias cervicofaciales candidatos a cirugía, evaluados preoperatoriamente mediante tomografía axial computarizada simple de tórax con base en la clasificación CO-RADS. En los pacientes CO-RADS ≥ 3 se suspendió la cirugía y se realizó PCR por hisopado nasofaríngeo. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 322 pacientes, todos sin síntomas de COVID-19. La tomografía fue positiva en 35 (10.87 %); en 30 se efectuó hisopado nasofaríngeo: 28 fueron negativos y dos, positivos; ninguno desarrolló síntomas de COVID-19. CONCLUSIONES: La tomografía torácica no es útil como procedimiento único de tamizaje preoperatorio de COVID-19, ya que sus hallazgos son inespecíficos, con tasa alta de resultados falsos-positivos. La evaluación clínica, con PCR y tomografía es la mejor forma de pesquisa preoperatoria.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Cross-Sectional Studies , Early Detection of Cancer , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Humans , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 158(1): 38-42, ene.-feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375524

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Los pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello tienen alto riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2; la cirugía en ellos implica riesgo para pacientes, cirujanos, personal de salud, institución médica y sociedad, ya que se asocia a aerosolización prolongada e inadvertida y a procedimientos de urgencia que facilitan la ruptura de las medidas de protección del personal de salud. Objetivo: Conocer si los hallazgos tomográficos pulmonares son suficientes para identificar en forma preoperatoria a los pacientes con COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y analítico de pacientes con neoplasias cervicofaciales candidatos a cirugía, evaluados preoperatoriamente mediante tomografía axial computarizada simple de tórax con base en la clasificación CO-RADS. En los pacientes CO-RADS ≥ 3 se suspendió la cirugía y se realizó PCR por hisopado nasofaríngeo. Resultados: Se incluyeron 322 pacientes, todos sin síntomas de COVID-19. La tomografía fue positiva en 35 (10.87 %); en 30 se efectuó hisopado nasofaríngeo: 28 fueron negativos y dos, positivos; ninguno desarrolló síntomas de COVID-19. Conclusiones: La tomografía torácica no es útil como procedimiento único de tamizaje preoperatorio de COVID-19, ya que sus hallazgos son inespecíficos, con tasa alta de resultados falsos-positivos. La evaluación clínica, con PCR y tomografía es la mejor forma de pesquisa preoperatoria.


Abstract Introduction: Head and neck cancer patients are at elevated risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection; surgery in them involves risk for patients, surgeons, health personnel, medical institutions and society, since it is associated with prolonged and inadvertent production of aerosols and emergency procedures that facilitate the breach of protective measures by health personnel. Objective: To find out if pulmonary tomographic findings are sufficient to preoperatively identify patients with COVID-19. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study of patients with cervical-facial neoplasms who were candidates for surgery, preoperatively evaluated by simple chest computed tomography based on the CO-RADS classification. In CO-RADS ≥ 3 patients, surgery was suspended and PCR was performed using nasopharyngeal swab. Results: 322 patients were included, all without COVID-19 symptoms. Tomography was positive in 35 (10.87%); in 30, nasopharyngeal swab was performed: 28 were negative and two were positive; none developed COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions: Chest tomography is not useful as the only preoperative screening procedure for COVID-19, since its findings are nonspecific, with a high rate of false-positive results. Clinical evaluation, with PCR and tomography, is the best form of preoperative screening.

5.
Cir Cir ; 88(1): 34-40, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31967612

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor, with an annual incidence of 3-4.5 cases/million. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study. We included patients diagnosed with ACC of head and neck of a single third-level referral center, from January 2008 to December 2013. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients were included in the study, 10 males (43.5%) and 13 females (56.5%) (F:M ratio 1.3:1). Median age was 52 years. Localization was predominantly observed in the oral cavity (26%) followed by the palate (17.4%). At presentation, 15 patients (65.2%) had clinical Stage II. The most frequent histology was the cribriform type in 10 patients (43.5%). Following resection, positive margins were observed in 15 (65.2%), neural invasion in 8 (34.8%), and lymphovascular invasion in 2 (8.7%) patients. The median time to recurrence in our population was 23 months. Recurrence at 5 years was observed in 15 patients (65%). At 2 years, recurrence was predominantly local in 7 patients (46%); whereas after 2 years, it was predominantly pulmonary 6 patients (40%). Overall, 5 year-survival was 78%. CONCLUSIONS: Cystic adenoid carcinoma is characterized by a high recurrence rate. Nevertheless, it has a high overall 5-year survival, which justifies an aggressive treatment.


ANTECEDENTES: El carcinoma adenoide quístico es un tumor raro, con una incidencia anual de 3-4.5 casos por millón. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, que incluyó pacientes con carcinoma adenoide quístico de cabeza y cuello de un centro de referencia de tercer nivel, desde enero de 2008 hasta diciembre de 2013. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 23 pacientes, 10 hombres (43.5%) y 13 mujeres (56.5%) (relación 1.3:1), con una media de edad de 52 años. Predominó en la cavidad bucal (26%), seguida del paladar (17.4%). Al diagnóstico, 15 pacientes (65.2%) tenían estadio clínico II. La histología cribiforme fue la más frecuente (10 pacientes; 43.5%). Posterior a la cirugía, se observaron márgenes positivos en 15 (65.2%), invasión neural en 8 (34.8%) e invasión linfovascular en 2 (8.7%) pacientes. La media de recurrencia fue de 23 meses. La recurrencia a 5 años se observó en 15 pacientes (65%). A los 2 años predominó la recurrencia local (7 pacientes; 46%); después de los 2 años predominaron las metástasis pulmonares (6 pacientes; 40%). La supervivencia a 5 años fue del 78%. CONCLUSIONES: El carcinoma adenoide quístico se caracteriza por una alta tasa de recurrencia. Sin embargo, tiene una alta supervivencia global a 5 años, lo que justifica un tratamiento agresivo.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Male , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/pathology , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/therapy , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/therapy , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Palatal Neoplasms/pathology , Palatal Neoplasms/therapy , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Time Factors
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