Social anxiety and academic performance during COVID-19 in schoolchildren.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the perception of schoolchildren whether their academic performance improved or worsened during the pandemic, analyzing their social anxiety, gender, use of masks in the classroom, and school year. The total sample was 107 primary school students (25 in the fourth, 40 in the fifth and 42 in the sixth grade), with a mean age of 10.51 years old (SD = 1). The gender were 58 girls and 49 boys, from a school in the province of La Coruña (Spain). The study was based on a quantitative methodology, and the design was cross-sectional, descriptive, observational and correlational. The social anxiety questionnaire (CASO-N24) was used to assess social anxiety, and an ad hoc self-report register was elaborated to evaluate sociodemographic variables. The results indicated that 44.8% of the schoolchildren considered that the pandemic had neither improved nor worsened their academic performance. Although 38.3% considered that high and very high social anxiety increased progressively as the school year progressed, both in boys and girls. Besides, the schoolchildren who presented very low and low social anxiety improved their grades in Physical Education, while those who presented high social anxiety worsened them. In conclusion, having a low social anxiety, lower grades before the pandemic and higher grades after, makes children perceive an improvement in their academic performance during the pandemic.

Low-Cost Robotic Guide Based on a Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface for Arm Assisted Rehabilitation.

Motor imagery has been suggested as an efficient alternative to improve the rehabilitation process of affected limbs. In this study, a low-cost robotic guide is implemented so that linear position can be controlled via the user's motor imagination of movement intention. The patient can use this device to move the arm attached to the guide according to their own intentions. The first objective of this study was to check the feasibility and safety of the designed robotic guide controlled via a motor imagery (MI)-based brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) in healthy individuals, with the ultimate aim to apply it to rehabilitation patients. The second objective was to determine which are the most convenient MI strategies to control the different assisted rehabilitation arm movements. The results of this study show a better performance when the BCI task is controlled with an action-action MI strategy versus an action-relaxation one. No statistically significant difference was found between the two action-action MI strategies.

Does the psychological profile influence the position of promising young futsal players?

Stress control as well as other psychological characteristics influence sports performance (SP) and could be relevant according to the playing position in team sports, such as the futsal where players have different specific functions within the team. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychological characteristics and profile related to SP of top-level young futsal players, according to the offensive or defensive role. A total of one hundred sixty-seven young promises futsal players participated in this study (84 U16 and 83 U19) and have been chosen to play Championship of Spain Selections. The Psychological Characteristics related to SP for soccer players Questionnaire was used, and one-way ANOVA test was performed based on the playing position (goalkeeper, defender and defender-wing, wing and wing-defender, pivot and wing-pivot, and universal). Results showed that goalkeepers had the best psychological profile and characteristics related to SP. Pivots and wing-pivots had less self-confidence, and universals players, less stress control in relation to the rest of the playing positions (p < 0.05). The main findings revealed that the psychological characteristics and profile related to SP in young promises futsal players are different according to the playing position, and this study suggest the inclusion of psychological-training programs in order to improve the psychological abilities of players, especially for players with offensive role who seek to score goals.

Adherencia al patrón de dieta mediterránea y autoconcepto en adolescentes / Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern and self-concept in adolescents

Introducción: la adolescencia se caracteriza por ser una fase decisiva que consolida tanto el desarrollo de la personalidad, atendiendo a diversos factores psicosociales que influyen, como la adquisición de hábitos que se establecerán en la adultez. Objetivos: relacionar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) en adolescentes con las dimensiones del autoconcepto. Métodos: estudio observacional transversal descriptivo de nivel de adherencia a la DM a través del test de MEDAS-14 y percepción de las dimensiones académica, social, emocional, familiar y física del autoconcepto, evaluado a través del test AF-5 en 600 adolescentes del sur de España. Resultados: la adherencia a la DM se relacionó positivamente con el nivel académico, la edad y el autoconcepto académico (r = 0,19 a 0,33; p < 0,01), siendo predicha por un 13% de la varianza explicada por el autoconcepto académico y un 13,8%, por el autoconcepto académico y social (p < 0,01). Además, el 58,3% de los adolescentes presentaron una adherencia a la DM alta y el 13,3% y el 28,3%, una adherencia a la DM baja y media, respectivamente. La media fue de 8,8 puntos, que corresponde a una valoración media. Conclusiones: los principales hallazgos de este estudio muestran que la adherencia a la DM se relaciona con el autoconcepto académico y social, la edad y el nivel académico, que reflejan una clara concienciación alimentaria conforme se evidencian dichas variables. Además, la población adolescente tiene una adherencia a la DM media, que corresponde a un patrón dietético estricto aunque no saludable

Introduction: adolescence is characterized by being a decisive phase that consolidates both the personality development (attending to various psychosocial factors that influence), and the achievement of habits that will be established in adulthood. Objectives: to relate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in adolescents with the self-concept dimensions. Methods: cross-sectional observational study of the adherence to MD level through the MEDAS-14 test and perception of the academic, social, emotional, family and physical dimensions of the self-concept, evaluated through the AF-5 test in 600 adolescents from the south of Spain. Results: the adherence to MD was positively related to the academic level, age and academic self-concept (r = 0.19 to 0.33, p < 0.01), being predicted by 13% of the variance explained by the academic self-concept, and 13.8%, for the academic and social self-concept (p < 0.01). In addition, 58.3% of adolescents presented high adherence to MD and 13.3% and 28.3%, low and medium adherence to MD, respectively, with a mean of 8.8 points, corresponding to an average assessment. Conclusions: the main findings of this study show that adherence to MD is related to academic and social self-concept, age and academic level, which reflects clear food awareness as these variables are evidenced. In addition, adolescents have an average adherence to MD, corresponding to a strict dietary pattern, although not healthy

[Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern and self-concept in adolescents]. / Adherencia al patrón de dieta mediterránea y autoconcepto en adolescentes.

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: adolescence is characterized by being a decisive phase that consolidates both the personality development (attending to various psychosocial factors that influence), and the achievement of habits that will be established in adulthood. Objectives: to relate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in adolescents with the self-concept dimensions. Methods: cross-sectional observational study of the adherence to MD level through the MEDAS-14 test and perception of the academic, social, emotional, family and physical dimensions of the self-concept, evaluated through the AF-5 test in 600 adolescents from the south of Spain. Results: the adherence to MD was positively related to the academic level, age and academic self-concept (r = 0.19 to 0.33, p < 0.01), being predicted by 13% of the variance explained by the academic self-concept, and 13.8%, for the academic and social self-concept (p < 0.01). In addition, 58.3% of adolescents presented high adherence to MD and 13.3% and 28.3%, low and medium adherence to MD, respectively, with a mean of 8.8 points, corresponding to an average assessment. Conclusions: the main findings of this study show that adherence to MD is related to academic and social self-concept, age and academic level, which reflects clear food awareness as these variables are evidenced. In addition, adolescents have an average adherence to MD, corresponding to a strict dietary pattern, although not healthy.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la adolescencia se caracteriza por ser una fase decisiva que consolida tanto el desarrollo de la personalidad, atendiendo a diversos factores psicosociales que influyen, como la adquisición de hábitos que se establecerán en la adultez. Objetivos: relacionar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) en adolescentes con las dimensiones del autoconcepto. Métodos: estudio observacional transversal descriptivo de nivel de adherencia a la DM a través del test de MEDAS-14 y percepción de las dimensiones académica, social, emocional, familiar y física del autoconcepto, evaluado a través del test AF-5 en 600 adolescentes del sur de España. Resultados: la adherencia a la DM se relacionó positivamente con el nivel académico, la edad y el autoconcepto académico (r = 0,19 a 0,33; p < 0,01), siendo predicha por un 13% de la varianza explicada por el autoconcepto académico y un 13,8%, por el autoconcepto académico y social (p < 0,01). Además, el 58,3% de los adolescentes presentaron una adherencia a la DM alta y el 13,3% y el 28,3%, una adherencia a la DM baja y media, respectivamente. La media fue de 8,8 puntos, que corresponde a una valoración media. Conclusiones: los principales hallazgos de este estudio muestran que la adherencia a la DM se relaciona con el autoconcepto académico y social, la edad y el nivel académico, que reflejan una clara concienciación alimentaria conforme se evidencian dichas variables. Además, la población adolescente tiene una adherencia a la DM media, que corresponde a un patrón dietético estricto aunque no saludable.