ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Expressed emotion (EE) predicts the outcome of treatment in patients with anxiety disorders. We aimed to investigate the relationship between EE and demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with panic disorder (PD), to determine whether there is a difference between PD, major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and healthy controls (HC) in terms of EE and to investigate the effect of EE on quality of life (QOL) in patients with PD. METHODS: Our study involved a total of 150 participants (50 patients in each group). All participants were given the Level of Expressed Emotion (LEE) scale and the short-form health survey (SF)-36 . Furthermore, the EE scale was completed by the participant's key relatives. RESULTS: EE was associated with some sociodemographic and clinical variables in patients with PD. There was no significant difference between PD and MDD and between PD and HC in terms of the LEE and the EE and their subscale scores. It was also demonstrated that EE had no effect on the QOL in patients with PD. CONCLUSION: EE was not different in PD compared to MDD and HC. Additionally, EE was not related to QOL in PD.
Subject(s)
Expressed Emotion , Panic Disorder/psychology , Quality of Life , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Demography , Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology , Family , Female , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Linear Models , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Self Report , TurkeyABSTRACT
Cerebellum is known to play an important role in coordination and motor functions. In some resent studies it is also considered to be involved in modulation of mood, cognition and psychiatric disorders. Dandy Walker Malformation is a congenital malformation that is characterized by hypoplasia or aplasia of the cerebellar vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle and enlargement of the posterior fossa. When the volume of posterior fossa is normal, the malformation is called Dandy Walker Variant. Case is a 32 year old male with a 12 year history of Bipolar I Disorder presented with manic and depresive symptoms, including dysphoric and depressive affect, anhedonia, suicidal thoughts and behaviours, thoughts of fear about future, overtalkativeness and graphomania, increased energy, irregular sleep, loss of appetite, increased immersion in projects, irritability, agressive behavior, impulsivity. Cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging was compatible to the morphological features of Dandy Walker Variant.
