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1.
Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg ; 31(3): 317-324, 2023 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37664774

ABSTRACT

Background: This study aims to evaluate early and mid-term outcomes of ductal stenting via carotid artery surgical cut-down technique in neonates. Methods: Between January 2015 and January 2022, a total of 17 neonates (12 males, 5 females; median age: 14 days, range, 5 to 34 days) who underwent carotid artery surgical cut-down technique for ductal stenting were retrospectively analyzed. Diagnoses of the patients, demographics, procedural success/failure, access-related complications, and neuroimaging findings were recorded. Results: The primary indication for ductal stenting was pulmonary atresia in all patients. All patients who underwent carotid cut-down had vertical anatomy, with or without tortuous ductal anatomy, and they were not suitable for the femoral approach. The median body weight was 3 (range, 2 to 3.4) kg. Fifteen of the 17 interventions (88.2%) were successful. Two patients whose stenting failed underwent a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt operation. The early in-hospital mortality rate was 17.6% (n=3). No neurological or accessrelated complications were observed in any of the patients. Conclusion: Stenting the ductus arteriosus with challenging anatomy is feasible and safe with carotid artery cut-down, particularly in small neonates. Based on our study findings, this technique may offer an effective and less invasive alternative to the systemic-to-pulmonary shunt operation.

2.
Pediatr Cardiol ; 43(8): 1811-1821, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35532807

ABSTRACT

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used after congenital heart surgery. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influencing mortality and morbidity in patients who require ECMO support after congenital cardiac surgery. All 109 patients (5.8% of total cases) who underwent ECMO support after congenital heart surgery between January 2014 and 2021 were included in this single-center study. The mean age was 10.13 ± 20.55 months, and the mean weight was 6.41 ± 6.79 kg. 87 (79.8%) of the patients were under 1 year of age. A total of 54 patients (49.5%) were weaned successfully from ECMO support, and 27 of them (24.8%) were discharged. The childhood age group had the best outcomes. Seventy-seven percent of the children were weaned successfully, and 50% were discharged. 69 patients (63.3%) had biventricular physiology; weaning and survival outcomes were better than single ventricle patients (P-value 0.002 and < 0.001, respectively). Low cardiac output (n = 49; 44.9%) as an ECMO indication had better outcomes than extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 31; 28.4%) (P = 0.05). Most of the patients had ≥ 4 Modified Aristotle Comprehensive Complexity (MACC) levels, and higher MACC levels were associated with a higher mortality rate. The most common procedure was the Norwood operation (16.5%), with the worst outcome (5.5% survival). Bleeding and renal complications were the most common complications affecting outcomes. Results were more satisfactory in patients with biventricular repair, childhood, and lower MACC levels. Early initiation of ECMO in borderline patients without experiencing cardiac arrest or multiorgan failure may improve outcomes.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Heart Defects, Congenital , Child , Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Retrospective Studies , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods
3.
Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg ; 27(3): 278-283, 2021 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33884597

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI), although relatively rare, is an emergency condition with high mortality rates (60-80%) attributed to lack of early diagnosis. The aim of this experimental study was to observe the changes in serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) levels over time in the AMI model by ligating superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in rats and to compare with the serum I-FABP levels of the rats in the control group. METHODS: Twenty rats were randomly allocated into two groups as control and ischemia group. The basal serum I-FABP levels were determined. SMA was isolated by laparotomy in all animals. In the ischemia group, SMA was ligated and intestinal ischemia was formed. Blood was taken from each rat in both groups at 30th, 60th, and 90th min to determine the serum I-FABP levels. The blood results were compared between two groups and were also compared by time in each group. RESULTS: In the ischemia group, serum I-FABP levels were significantly higher than the control group at post-operative 30th, 60th, and 90th min (p<0.01). In comparison with pre-operative serum I-FABP levels, remarkable increases were observed statistically at post-operative 30th, 60th, and 90th min in the ischemia group (p<0.01). In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference within the serum I-FABP levels over time in the control group. The increases of serum I-FABP levels in the ischemia group were directly correlated with the time of ischemia. CONCLUSION: Serum I-FABP levels have increased significantly in the intestinal ischemia and these values have risen progressively over time. Serum I-FABP may be a useful and promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of AMI.


Subject(s)
Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/blood , Mesenteric Ischemia/diagnosis , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Early Diagnosis , Mesenteric Artery, Superior/physiopathology , Rats
4.
Cardiol Young ; 29(5): 649-654, 2019 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31230611

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Two-stage arterial switch operation and left ventricle retraining are necessary for the patients with left ventricle dysfunction and transposition of great vessels with intact ventricular septum (TGA-IVS) who are referred late. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients with the diagnosis of TGA-IVS and left ventricle dysfunction who underwent arterial switch operation in our centre between July 2013 and August 2017 were analysed retrospectively. The inclusion criteria for left ventricle retraining were patients older than 2 months of age at presentation, having an echocardiographic left ventricle mass index of less than 35 g/m², and having an echocardiographic "banana-shaped" left ventricle geometric appearance. The patients were divided into two groups: pulmonary artery banding and Blalock Taussig shunt were performed as the initial surgical procedure for later arterial switch operation in Group I (n = 19) and pulmonary artery banding and bidirectional cava-pulmonary shunt in Group 2 (n = 28). RESULTS: The average age was found to be 122.3 ± 45.6 days in Group I and 145.9 ± 37.2 days in Group II. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.232 versus p = 0.373) between the average left ventricle mass index of the two groups neither before the first stage nor the second stage (26.6 ± 4.8 g/m² versus 25.0 ± 4.9 g/m² and 70.5 ± 12 g/m² versus 673.8 ± 12.0 g/m², respectively). The average time interval for the left ventricle to retrain was 97.7 ± 42.9 days for Group I and 117.3 ± 40.3 days for Group II, significantly lower in Group I (p = 0.027). The time spent in ICU, length of the period during which inotropic support was required, and the duration of hospital stay were significantly higher in Group I (p<0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.00, respectively). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary artery banding and bidirectional cava-pulmonary shunt can be performed as a safe and effective alternative to pulmonary artery banding and arterial Blalock Taussig shunt for patients with TGA-IVS in whom arterial switch operation is needed beyond the neonatal period. This approach involves a shorter hospital stay and fewer post-operative complications.


Subject(s)
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/surgery , Transposition of Great Vessels/surgery , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/surgery , Ventricular Function, Left , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/surgery , Arterial Switch Operation , Echocardiography , Female , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/mortality , Humans , Infant , Male , Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology , Pulmonary Artery/surgery , Pulmonary Veins/physiopathology , Pulmonary Veins/surgery , Referral and Consultation , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate , Transposition of Great Vessels/mortality , Treatment Outcome , Turkey , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/mortality , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/mortality
7.
Tex Heart Inst J ; 42(3): 209-15, 2015 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26175631

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to determine the efficacy and reliability of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in establishing the diagnosis and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension in children. This is a retrospective comparison of 25 children with pulmonary hypertension and a control group comprising 19 healthy children. The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension was made when the mean pulmonary artery pressure was ≥25 mmHg by catheter angiography. The children with pulmonary hypertension had significantly lower body mass indices than did the healthy children (P=0.048). In addition, the children with pulmonary hypertension had significantly larger main pulmonary artery diameters and ascending aortic diameters (both P=0.001) but statistically similar ratios of main pulmonary artery diameter-to-ascending aortic diameter. If the main pulmonary artery diameter was ≥25 mm, pediatric pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed with 72% sensitivity and 84% specificity. In the event that the ratio of main pulmonary artery diameter-to-ascending aorta diameter was ≥1, pediatric pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed with 60% sensitivity and 53% specificity. When compared with children who had New York Heart Association functional class II pulmonary hypertension, the children with functional class III pulmonary hypertension had significantly larger main (P=0.046), right (P=0.036), and left (P=0.003) pulmonary arteries. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging is useful in the diagnosis of children with pulmonary hypertension. Pediatric pulmonary hypertension can be diagnosed with high sensitivity and specificity when the main pulmonary artery diameter measures ≥25 mm.


Subject(s)
Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies
8.
Cardiol Young ; 25(1): 56-62, 2015 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24168719

ABSTRACT

AIM: The present study aims to define the lowest effective prostaglandin E1 dose in patients with inadequacy of pulmonary blood flow and/or intracardiac blood mixing and those with inadequate systemic blood flow. METHODS: Patients with inadequacy of both pulmonary blood flow and/or blood mixing (Group 1) and those with inadequate systemic blood flow (Group 2) were retrospectively evaluated in two separate groups with regard to the prostaglandin E1 starting dose given in the referring facility, the lowest and the highest dose administered in our centre, treatment duration, adverse effects, and administered treatment. RESULTS: No difference between the groups could be detected with respect to sex or birth weight (p=0.95 and 0.42, respectively). Group 1 and Group 2 were statistically similar in aspect of prostaglandin treatment duration (9.73±0.81 days versus 11.6±1.05 days, p=0.064). When compared with Group 2, the initial, maintenance and lowest efficient doses of prostaglandin E1 treatment were significantly lower and the titrated dose of prostaglandin E1 was significantly higher in Group 1 (p=0.001 for each). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the infusion of prostaglandin at a very low dose (0.003-0.005 mcg/kg/minute) is sufficient to maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus. A higher dose of prostaglandin E1 may be necessary in patients with inadequate systemic blood flow.


Subject(s)
Alprostadil/administration & dosage , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/drug therapy , Blood Flow Velocity/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/diagnostic imaging , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/physiopathology , Echocardiography, Doppler, Color , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage
9.
Tex Heart Inst J ; 41(2): 159-64, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24808775

ABSTRACT

This prospective cross-sectional study attempted to determine both the usefulness of the serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) as a biomarker for pulmonary artery hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease and the nature of this marker's association with catheter angiographic findings. Our study included a total of 70 male and female children, comprising 30 patients with both pulmonary artery hypertension and congenital heart disease, 20 patients with congenital heart disease alone, and 20 healthy control subjects. Levels of ICAM-1 in plasma samples from all groups were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Cardiac catheterization was also performed in all patients. The mean serum ICAM-1 levels in pediatric patients who had congenital heart disease with and without pulmonary artery hypertension were 349.6 ± 72.9 ng/mL and 312.3 ± 69.5 ng/mL, respectively (P=0.002). In healthy control subjects, the mean serum ICAM-1 level was 231.4 ± 60.4 ng/mL. According to the results of this study, the ICAM-1 level of the pulmonary artery hypertension group was significantly higher than those of the congenital heart disease group and the healthy control group. Correlation analysis showed that ICAM-1 level was correlated with systolic and mean pulmonary artery pressures (r=0.62, P=0.001; r=0.57, P=0.001)-which are 2 important values used in diagnosis of pulmonary artery hypertension. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded consistent results for the prediction of pulmonary artery hypertension. Therefore, we conclude that ICAM-1 has potential use as a biomarker for the diagnosis and follow-up of pulmonary artery hypertension.


Subject(s)
Heart Defects, Congenital , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/blood , Adolescent , Biomarkers/blood , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Child , Child, Preschool , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/blood , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Infant , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Pulmonary Circulation , ROC Curve , Statistics as Topic
11.
ISRN Cardiol ; 2013: 301617, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23862073

ABSTRACT

Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in congenital heart disease (CHD) with an isolated, large left-to-right shunt and to indicate the factors in the development of PAH. Methods. The pressure measurements in the cardiac chambers and the calculations based on the Fick's principle were compared among 3 separate groups of patients, respectively, with PAH, with hyperkinetic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), and with neither PAH nor HPH. Results. PAH was diagnosed in 30 (12.3%) patients, HPH in 35 (14.4%), while 177 (73.1%) were free of either. The highest risk for the development of PAH was found in the presence of perimembranous ventricular septal defect. A statistically significant difference was seen among these groups as to their left atrial pressure (p = 0.005) and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPmean; p < 0.001). While a correlation was present between RpI on one hand and age on the other (p = 0.014), a multiple linear regression could not evidence any correlation among age (p = 0.321), gender (p = 0.929). Conclusion. Our findings do not allow establishing a correlation between the duration of the high pulmonary flow and pulmonary vascular resistance increase or PAH development in isolated left-to-right shunts with congenital heart diseases.

12.
Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars ; 41(4): 340-2, 2013 Jun.
Article in Turkish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23760123

ABSTRACT

The insertion of ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts for the treatment of hydrocephalus is associated with the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension occurs in patients with recurrent or chronic pulmonary embolism, and is a rare but, potentially devastating disease in children. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) is an important curative therapy for patients with CTEPH. Herein, we present a case of a 14 year-old male patient with CTEPH that developed after a VA shunt procedure. After successful PTE, systolic pulmonary artery pressure was decreased from 75 mmHg to 30 mmHg. PTE is recommended in the pediatric CTEPH population.


Subject(s)
Endarterectomy , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery/surgery , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/adverse effects , Adolescent , Chronic Disease , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Male , Pulmonary Embolism/etiology , Pulmonary Embolism/surgery , Radiography
13.
ISRN Surg ; 2013: 521413, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23401799

ABSTRACT

Aim. Anastomotic leakage after colon anastomosis is the most frequent and most feared complication with its highest mortality rate. In this study, we aimed to expose the impact of performing fibrin glue on sutured colocolic anastomosis, in the presence of experimental peritonitis, on anastomosis safety. Method. In this experimental study, the rats were divided into two groups as control group (Groups 1 and 3) and experimental group (Groups 2 and 4). They were also divided as clean abdomen (Groups 1 and 2) and infected abdomen (3 and 4) groups. Full-thickness incisions were made on the proximal colon of both groups of rats. The control group's anastomoses were conducted only with sutures, whereas in experimental group, fibrin glue was applied over the sutures. The samples were taken on the 10th day. Results. Highest values for average levels of hydroxyproline in the tissues and anastomotic bursting pressures were detected when fibrin glue was applied on sutured anastomosis in clean abdomen. In the histopathological staging performed in line with Ehrlich-Hunt model, lowest values were detected during the presence of peritonitis. Conclusion. As a result, it has been established that the use of fibrin glue over sutured colocolic anastomosis, both in clean abdomen and in the presence of peritonitis, had increased anastomosis safety.

14.
Congenit Heart Dis ; 8(6): 527-34, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23280192

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the cardiac catheterization findings and pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler and Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients with congenital heart disease with intracardiac shunts. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: The present study aims to determine the relationship between the cardiac catheterization findings and PW Doppler and Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) in patients who have pulmonary arterial hypertension patients due to congenital heart disease with intracardiac shunts. Echocardiographic measurements were performed at the catheter angiography laboratory with concurrent catheterization. Left and right ventricle inflow velocities were recorded with PW Doppler and DTI studies. Maximum tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TS) was recorded in cases with measurable levels by continuous-wave Doppler. Moreover, the correlations among the echocardiographic values and invasive hemodynamic measures such as systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPsystolic), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPmean), diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPdiastolic) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) were evaluated. RESULTS: A negative correlation was found between TE'/TA' and PAPsystolic, PAPdiastolic and PAPmean (P = 0.008, r = -0.480; P = 0.001, r = -0.584; P = 0.001, r = -0.567, respectively). ME/ME' was also found to be negatively correlated with PAPdiastolic, PAPmean and PVRI (P = 0.002, r = -0.556; P = 0.005, r = -0.502; P = 0.027, r = -0.411, respectively). The concurrent use of TE'/TA' (cut-off value <2.6) and TS had a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 93% for distinguishing between patients with healthy controls. CONCLUSION: When used in conjunction with conventional methods, TE'/TA' has the highest sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing between patients and healthy controls.


Subject(s)
Arterial Pressure , Blood Pressure Determination/methods , Coronary Circulation , Echocardiography, Doppler , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Circulation , Age Factors , Cardiac Catheterization , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension , Female , Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Infant , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology , Vascular Resistance , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/etiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology , Ventricular Function, Left , Ventricular Function, Right
15.
Pediatr Cardiol ; 34(3): 646-55, 2013 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23052666

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPmean) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) measurements of the pulmonary artery flow velocity curve in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and congenital heart disease when the tricuspid regurgitant velocity (TRV) is not sufficient. This study enrolled 29 congenital heart disease cases with pulmonary arterial hypertension and 40 healthy subjects followed at our center. The mean age was 66.9 ± 77.9 months in the patient group and 76.3 ± 62.1 months in the control group. A positive correlation was found between TRV and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (r = 0.394, p = 0.035, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.032-0.665), whereas a negative correlation was found between corrected acceleration time (AcTc) and PAPmean (r = -0.559, p = 0.002, 95% CI = -0.768 to -0.242). Furthermore, a negative correlation was found between parameters TRV and AcTc (r = -0.383, p = 0.001, 95% CI = -0.657 to -0.019). Based on the cutoff criterion of 124 ms for AcTc, sensitivity was found to be 79.3% and specificity to be 77.5% in distinguishing between the PAH patients and the healthy control patients (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] area under the curve [AUC] = 0.804, 95% CI = 0.691-0.890, p < 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of the concomitant use of AcTc and/or TRV were found to be 90 and 73%, respectively, in distinguishing between the PAH patients and the the healthy control patients. The data obtained by TTE also can be appropriate for measuring PAPmean, PVR, and the vasoreactivity test and for determining the priority of implementing cardiac catheterization even if there is no measurable TRV value.


Subject(s)
Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnostic imaging , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Vascular Resistance/physiology , Arterial Pressure , Blood Flow Velocity , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Echocardiography/methods , Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Male , ROC Curve , Reference Values , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/complications , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology
17.
ISRN Gastroenterol ; 2012: 706937, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23209919

ABSTRACT

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of coeliac disease on cardiac function in children using conventional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE). Methods. Coeliac disease patients were evaluated in two different groups based on serum endomysial antibody (EmA) titers (EmA (+) and EmA (-)), and the data obtained by conventional and TDE studies were compared between the patient groups and healthy controls. Results. There was no significant difference between EmA (+) and EmA (-) groups in terms of the conventional TTE parameters, including ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and left ventricle end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), that show the left ventricular systolic function (P = 0.727, P = 0.317, P = 0.118). TDE showed a significant difference in left ventricle (LV) isovolumic relaxation time (LV IVRT) and LV myocardial performance index (LV MPI) parameters between EmA (+) and EmA (-) patient groups (P < 0.0001). Conclusion. The measurement of LV MPI and LV IVRT parameters by TDE would be beneficial in early determination of the cardiac involvement and establishing appropriate treatment and followup of patients with coeliac disease as well as in making distinction between EmA (+) and EmA (-) patients.

18.
Anadolu Kardiyol Derg ; 12(6): 490-7, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22699124

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to study the relationship between tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) indices of right ventricle and exercise capacity in patients after total correction for tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 20 patients, after undergoing total correction procedure for ToF diagnosed with mild/moderate pulmonary regurgitation and 30 age-matched healthy children. In the postoperative period, patients were invited to hospital for evaluation of the ventricular functions by 2D, M-mode, Doppler (DE) echocardiography and TDE and exercise testing to evaluate the effort capacity. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: Compared with the controls; the mitral annular peak systolic flow velocity (Sm) value was significantly lower, while isovolumic contraction time (IVCT), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and myocardial performance index (MPI) values obtained at the tricuspid and mitral (MV) valves were significantly higher (p<0.05 for all) in patients after ToF repair. There was a negative correlation between the exercise period and the total correction age (r=-0.20, p=0.015) and the same negative correlation existed between the exercise period and METS (r=-0.25, p=0.010). MV IVCT with DE and TDE was found to be correlated with METS (r=-0.45, p=0.04). Left ventricular MPI was found to be correlated with maximum heart rate (r=-0.20, p=0.03). By DE, tricuspid valve deceleration time and Sm peak flow velocity with TDE were significantly correlated with METS (r=-0.30, p=0.04; r=-025, p=0.005, respectively). MPI calculated with TDE was correlated with maximum heart rate (r=-0.15, <0.01). CONCLUSION: Even if patients, undergone total correction surgery for ToF were asymptomatic or had minimal clinical symptoms, MPI index assessed by pulse wave TDE and exercise testing may allow early diagnosis of right ventricle dysfunction.


Subject(s)
Exercise/physiology , Tetralogy of Fallot/surgery , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Function , Adolescent , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Echocardiography , Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed , Electrocardiography , Exercise Test , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging , Time Factors , Tricuspid Valve/diagnostic imaging
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