New approach to peripheral nerve injury: nutritional therapy.

Purpose of review: There is no review in the literature on the effect of nutrition-related factors on peripheral nerve injuries. Therefore, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of nutritional factors on nerve injuries in this compilation. Recent findings: Although there are several fundamental mechanisms by which nutrients and nutritional factors influence individuals, their exact impacts on neurogenesis have not been clearly identified. Recently, some studies showed that some nutrients have an important role in nerve injuries due to their neuroprotective properties. In addition to surgical treatment, in peripheral nerve injuries, these nutrients also may play a role in preserving nerve function and health, as well as in the recovery of an injured nerve tissue. Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, group B vitamins, antioxidants, several minerals, phenolic compounds, and alpha lipoic acid are thought to have impacts on the nervous system. In addition to all of these, gut microbiota has effects on the nervous system, and some nutrient-related factors can also affect neurogenesis via gut microbiota. Summary: Peripheral nerve injury is a condition in which the nerves in the peripheral nervous system become damaged. After the trauma, the peripheral nerve is hardly repaired due to the following reasons; the disability of the regeneration of motor neurons, the lack of a survival environment for Schwann cells, and the poor ability of the nerves to regenerate. Nutrition-related factors, the effects of which were described in recent years, should be more taken into account more.

Association of Mediterranean diet and anthropometric measures with quality of life in coronary artery disease patients.

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: the Mediterranean diet (MD) and ideal body weight are associated with a reduction in the risk of chronic diseases, but their association with health-related quality of life (HRQL) is not clear. Objective: the aim of this study was to assess the association between adherence to MD and the HRQL and anthropometric measurements in coronary artery disease patients. Methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out in 55 women and 84 men who were diagnosed with coronary artery disease by a physician. Anthropometric indices were measured, MD adherence was evaluated with a 14-item questionnaire and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used for HRQL. Results: mean age in males was 63.0 ± 9.7 years and mean age in females was 63.1 ± 10.1 years. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 53.5% and 40.5%, respectively, in men and 14.5% and 83.6%, respectively, in women. Adherence to the MD was assessed and the median values were found statistically higher in male patients (p < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between MD and all physical component summary (PCS, its subscale) and most mental component summary (MCS) (except emotional role, social health subscale) (p < 0.05). Inverse significant associations were found between BMI, waist circumference, waist/height ratio, percent of body fat and both PCS and MCS (including most subscales). Conclusion: adoption of healthy dietary habits (adherence to the Mediterranean diet) by the participants and optimal anthropometric measurements may be considered as a possible contributor to HRQL.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la dieta mediterránea (DM) y el peso corporal ideal se asocian con una reducción en el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas, pero su asociación con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) no está clara. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre la adherencia a la DM y la CVRS y las mediciones antropométricas en pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria. Métodos: este estudio transversal se llevó a cabo en 55 mujeres y 84 hombres que fueron diagnosticados con enfermedad de las arterias coronarias por un médico. Se midieron los índices antropométricos, se evaluó la adherencia a la DM con un cuestionario de 14 ítems y se utilizó el cuestionario de salud SF-36 para la CVRS. Resultados: la edad media de los hombres fue de 63,0 ± 9,7 y la edad media de las mujeres fue de 63,1 ± 10,1. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue del 53,5% y 40,5%, respectivamente, en hombres y del 14,5% y 83,6%, respectivamente, en mujeres. Se evaluó la adherencia a la DM y los valores de la mediana fueron estadísticamente más altos en los pacientes varones (p < 0,05). Se encontró una correlación positiva significativa (p < 0,05) entre la DM y el resumen general del componente físico (PCS, subescala) y la mayor parte del resumen del componente mental (MCS), excepto el subpeso emocional y la subescala de salud social. Hubo una correlación negativa entre el IMC, la circunferencia de la cintura, la relación cintura/estatura, el porcentaje de grasa corporal y PCS y MCS (incluida la mayoría de las subescalas). Conclusión: la adopción de hábitos alimentarios saludables (adherencia a la dieta mediterránea) por parte de los participantes y las mediciones antropométricas óptimas pueden considerarse como un posible contribuyente a la CVRS.