ABSTRACT
Ischemia-reperfusion is a common health problem leading to several health conditions. The pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion is quite complex. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response contribute to ischemia-reperfusion mechanisms. Various parameters like proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, occur during ischemia-reperfusion . There are several ways to investigate these values through biochemical and histopathologic findings. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, interleukin 6, interleukin 1ß, tumor necrosis factor alpha, caspase-3, nuclear factor-kappa ß, and LC3B (microtubu le-associated protein light chain 3, LC3) can be evaluated among these indicators.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Cartonectin was defined as a new adipokine released from rat and human adipocyte tissues, which is also known as CORS 26 or CTRP3 protein. Although there are several studies investigating the effects of cartonectin with obesity, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and cardioprotective effects, there is no study about the effects of cartonectin in patients with chronic kidney disease yet. We aimed to investigate cartonectin levels in predialysis and dialysis patient groups, in other words, at different stages of chronic kidney disease, by comparing with the control group. In addition, we aimed to discuss the probable causes of the differences between the patient groups that would be determined, together with the factors that might be effective. METHODS: A total of 150 patients, including 47 hemodialysis patients, 73 predialysis CKD patients, and 30 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Serum cartonectin levels were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. FINDINGS: Serum cartonectin levels were found to be significantly higher in the hemodialysis patient group compared to predialysis group and healthy individuals (p < 0.01). Furthermore, serum cartonectin levels were found to be negatively correlated with GFR, BMI, glucose, LDL, and platelet levels, whereas a positive correlation was observed with creatinine levels. DISCUSSION: In our study, we found that the cartonectin levels increased as GFR decreased and were significantly higher in hemodialysis patients. Cartonectin is structurally closely related to adiponectin. It is remarkable that the level of cartonectin is also high in hemodialysis patients, like adiponectin.
Subject(s)
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood , Tumor Necrosis Factors/blood , Adiponectin/blood , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Creatinine/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Healthy Volunteers , Humans , Kidney/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapyABSTRACT
(1) To investigate the role of azurocidin, an antimicrobial protein, in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). (2) This single-center prospective observational study included patients with STEMI and healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects. Baseline demographic, clinical and biochemical data were compared between the two groups. Azurocidin levels at baseline were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate linear regression analysis with enter method was used to test the association between azurocidin and independent variables, such as the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) score, synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXUS and cardiac surgery score, global registry of acute coronary events score, Killip class, C-reactive protein (CRP), and creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB). (3) A total of 76 patients with STEMI and 30 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Mean ± SD azurocidin levels were significantly higher in patients compared with healthy controls (18.07 ± 13.99 versus 10.09 ± 5.29 ng/mL, respectively). In a receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, an azurocidin cut-off level of >11.46 ng/mL had 74% sensitivity and 58% specificity in predicting myocardial infarction. Azurocidin levels had a positive correlation with TIMI score (r = 0.651). In multivariate linear regression analysis, the TIMI score was an independent predictor of the azurocidin level. (4) Azurocidin is an infection marker that may be important in patients with STEMI.
