ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The interferon pathway plays a critical role in triggering the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, and these gene variants may be involved in the severity of COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of three gene variants of OAS and RNASEL with the occurrence of COVID-19 symptoms and disease outcome. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 104 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, of which 34 were asymptomatic COVID-19, and 70 were symptomatic cases. The variants rs486907 (RNASEL), rs10774671 (OAS1), rs1293767 (OAS2), and rs2285932 (OAS3) were screened and discriminated using a predesigned 5'-nuclease assay with TaqMan probes. RESULTS: Patients with the allele C of the OAS2 gene rs1293767 (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15-0.83, p = 0.014) and allele T of the OAS3 gene rs2285932 (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.2-0.023, p = 0.023) have lower susceptibility to developing symptomatic COVID-19. The genotype frequencies (G/G, G/C, and C/C) of rs1293767 for that comparison were 64.7%, 29.4%, and 5.9% in the asymptomatic group and 95.2%, 4.8%, and 0% in severe disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that individuals carrying the C allele of the OAS2 gene rs1293767 and the T allele of the OAS3 gene rs2285932 are less likely to develop symptomatic COVID-19, suggesting these genetic variations may confer a protective effect among the Mexican study population. Furthermore, the observed differences in genotype frequencies between asymptomatic individuals and those with severe disease emphasize the potential of these variants as markers for disease severity. These insights enhance our understanding of the genetic factors that may influence the course of COVID-19 and underscore the potential for genetic screening in identifying individuals at increased risk for severe disease outcomes.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: La infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana constituye un grave problema sanitario. En el 2011, el Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud señaló una prevalencia del 0,91%, calculando 111.324 casos en mayores de 15 años. Los reportes ecográficos en pacientes con VIH son escasos. Sin embargo, la ecografía es un método seguro, económico y accesible que permite el estudio de un gran número de condiciones. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y de corte transversal, que incluye pacientes portadores de infección de VIH, que acudieron al servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital General del Oeste, entre mayo de 2012 a mayo de 2013. A los cuales se les realizó eco abdominal. Resultados: 80 pacientes. 95% presentó alteraciones ecográficas, 52% cursaba con síntomas gastrointestinales, de ellos, el 100% presentaba alteraciones ecográficas. 42,5% pertenecían a la Categoría C de VIH, de los cuales el 100% tuvo alteraciones ecográficas. Se identificaron alteraciones hepáticas en el 85% de los casos, vesiculares en el 65%, retroperitoneales 51,25 %, renales 37,5%, esplénicas 25,25% y pancreáticas 3,75%. Conclusiones: La ecografía abdominal constituye una herramienta útil y accesible para el médico gastroenterólogo en la detección y/o diagnóstico de alteraciones intra-abdominales en pacientes VIH.
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (HIV) is a serious health problem.In 2011, the Ministry of People's Power for Health estimated a prevalence of 0.91% with 111,324 cases over 15 years population. Ultrasound reports in patients with HIV are scarce. However, ultrasound is safe, non-invasive, affordable and accessible to study a large number of conditions. Patients and methods: A Prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed. HIV infected patients who underwent the Gastroenterology Service ofWestern General Hospital, from May 2012 to May 2013, to an abdominal echo were included. Results: 80 patients. 95% had abnormal ultrasound, 52% had gastrointestinal symptoms and of these, 100% had ultrasound abnormalities. 42.5% were C category, of which 100% had ultrasound abnormalities. We identified lesions in the liver (85%), gallbladder (65%), retroperitoneum (51,25%), Kidneys (37,5%), spleen (26,25%) and pancreas (3,75%) of the patients. Conclusions: Abdominal ultrasound is a useful and accessible diagnostic tool for the gastroenterologist to detect abdominal abnormalities in HIV patients.