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Background: Over the past decade, the political movement called 'Revolución Ciudadana' implemented a variety of policies and interventions (P&I) in Ecuador to improve higher education and strengthen local research capacity. We refer specifically to the 'Mandato 14' and the Higher Education Law (LOES, Spanish acronym) launched in 2008 and 2010, respectively. Objective: To assess the impact of these P&I (Mandato 14/LOES) on the production of health sciences-related articles (HSRA), and the relationship of these HSRA with the country's health priorities. Methods: A Scopus search was performed to retrieve HSRA published from 1999 to 2017. Bivariate analysis was used to assess variation between the period I (1999-2008) and period II (2009-2017). Further, we examined the association between the top 10 causes of mortality and the total HSRA output. Results: The final study sample consisted of 2784 articles. After 2008, Ecuadorian production of HSRA increased steadily from 671 to 2133 publications (p<.001). Overall (1999-2017), the most common study design was cross-sectional (32.3%), the primary research focus was in the clinical-surgical area (49.3%), and the academic institutions were the primary drivers of scientific production during period II (56.9% vs. 29.5%, p<.001). Further, we found a decrease in the production of randomized controlled trials (6.7% vs. 1.8%, p<.001). Only 9% of research production involved the primary causes of mortality, and the proportion has remained unchanged over time (8.2% vs. 9.3%, p>.05). Conclusions: Ecuadorian HSRA output increased significantly after 2008. This larger volume of scientific output could be the result to the Mandato 14/LOES implemented in the last decade. However, a low percentage of HSRA are dedicated to addressing the country's health priorities. Proper planning, execution and monitoring of national health research agendas would reduce the mismatch between health burden and the HSRA output in Ecuador and other low-and middle-income countries.
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Bibliometrics , Biomedical Research , Cross-Sectional Studies , Ecuador , Humans , Publications , Research ReportABSTRACT
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) is characterized by a block in differentiation where leukemic cells are halted at the promyelocyte stage. A characteristic balanced chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 15 and 17 t (15;17) (q24; q21) is seen in 95% of cases - the translocation results in the formation of the PML-RARA fusion protein. The introduction of retinoic acid (RA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been responsible for initially remarkable cure rates. However, relapsed APL, particularly in the high-risk subset of patients, remains an important clinical problem. In addition, despite the success of ATRA & ATO, many clinicians still elect to use cytotoxic chemotherapy in the treatment of APL. Patients who become resistant to ATO have an increased risk of mortality. The probability of relapse is significantly higher in the high-risk subset of patients undergoing treatment for APL; overall approximately 10-20% of APL patients relapse regardless of their risk stratification. Furthermore, 20-25% of patients undergoing treatment will develop differentiation syndrome, a common side effect of differentiation agents. Recent evidence using in vitro models has shown that mutations in the B2 domain of the PML protein, mediate arsenic resistance. Alternative agents and approaches considering these clinical outcomes are needed to address ATO resistance as well as the relapse rate in high risk APL.
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En Colombia el virus del chikungunya (CHIKV) ha causado muchos enfermos, sobre todo en Atlántico, Magdalena y Sucre. El objetivo de esta investigación es examinar las variables psicológicas presentes en pacientes que hayan sido diagnosticados con este virus. Se entrevistó a 63 personas (41 mujeres, 65,1 %) con el cuestionario general de salud mental de Goldberg y con un instrumento basado en otro, recientemente desarrollado por un equipo de investigación de la isla Mauricio. A partir de este instrumento se exploraron los síntomas presentados por el CHIKV. El 50 % de la muestra consideró que el virus alteró su estado emocional. Se halló insomnio, irritabilidad, y/o tristeza. Los hombres sintieron más irritabilidad que las mujeres (p = .003). Las autoridades de salud podrían tener en cuenta esta información a la hora de tratar a estos pacientes
Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) has caused many patients in Colombia, especially in Atlantico, Magdalena and Sucre. The aim of this research was to examine the psychological variables in patients who have been diagnosed with CHIKV. We interviewed 64 people (41 women, 65.1 %) with an instrument developed by a research team from India and with the Goldberg's General Mental Health Questionnaire. From this first instrument were explored the symptoms caused by CHIKV. Of the sample, 50 % perceived that CHIKV affected their emotional state. Insomnia, irritability and/or sadness were found in people suffering by CHIKV. Men showed more irritated than women (p= .003). Health authorities should take this information into account when treating these patients
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Objetivo: Determinar la Influencia del tipo de nutriente de la dieta en los niveles de depresión en adultos mayores acuden al servicio de Medicina Interna, área de Salud Mental del Hospital 2 de Mayo, Arzobispo Loayza e Hipólito Unanue durante los meses de febrero y marzo del 2012. Tipo de Estudio: Descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo de corte transversal. Material y Métodos: Se evaluó a 60 pacientes ambulatorios (adultos mayores de 65 años) que padecen el síndrome de depresión, a los cuales se les aplicó la encuesta sobre frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y el cuestionario de escala de valoración de Hamilton, para la evaluación de los niveles de depresión. El método de muestreo fue por conveniencia. Para el análisis estadístico de la información se uso el software de investigación SPSS, y la evaluación de las comparaciones entre ambas variables con la prueba estadística de X2. Resultados: Se encontró que las pacientes adultas mayores evaluadas presentaron diagnóstico normal 47.7 por ciento (n=31), el 30.8 por ciento (n=20) presentan depresión leve y el 21.5 por ciento (n=14) con depresión establecida. El grupo de adultas mayores con depresión establecida presentó un consumo inferior de energía, proteína, grasa y fibra en comparación con las pacientes con diagnóstico normal y depresión leve. El consumo de Vitamina B12, Ca, Zinc y Mg fue menor en el grupo con depresión establecida, en comparación con los demás grupos. Conclusiones: La deficiencia de algunos nutrientes influye en el estado de depresión de las adultas mayores que acuden a los Hospitales Nacionales de Lima metropolitana.
Objective: To determine the influence of the type of nutrient in the diet at levels of depression in older adults presenting to the Internal Medicine, Mental Health Area Hospital on May 2, Archbishop Loayza and Hipolito Unanue during the months of February and March 2012. Type of study: descriptive, observational, cross-sectional prospective. Material and Methods: We evaluated 60 outpatients (adults over 65) with the syndrome of depression, which were administered the survey on food consumption frequency questionnaire and the Hamilton Rating Scale for the assessing levels of depression. The sampling was by convenience. Statistical analysis of the data was used SPSS software research, and evaluation of the comparisons between the two variables with the X2 test statistic. Results: It was found that the normal diagnostic evaluated showed 47.7 per cent (31), 30.8 per cent (20) have mild depression and 21.5 per cent (14) with established depression. The older group established with depression had a lower consumption of energy, protein, fat and fiber compared to patients with normal and mild depression diagnosis. The same happens with Vitamin B12, Ca, Mg and Zinc. Conclusions: The deficiency of certain nutrients affect the status of elderly depression.
