Tunable plasmonic superchiral light for ultrasensitive detection of chiral molecules.

The accurate detection, classification, and separation of chiral molecules are pivotal for advancing pharmaceutical and biomolecular innovations. Engineered chiral light presents a promising avenue to enhance the interaction between light and matter, offering a noninvasive, high-resolution, and cost-effective method for distinguishing enantiomers. Here, we present a nanostructured platform for surface-enhanced infrared absorption-induced vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) based on an achiral plasmonic system. This platform enables precise measurement, differentiation, and quantification of enantiomeric mixtures, including concentration and enantiomeric excess determination. Our experimental results exhibit a 13 orders of magnitude higher detection sensitivity for chiral enantiomers compared to conventional VCD spectroscopic techniques, accounting for respective path lengths and concentrations. The tunable spectral characteristics of this achiral plasmonic system facilitate the detection of a diverse range of chiral compounds. The platform's simplicity, tunability, and exceptional sensitivity holds remarkable potential for enantiomer classification in drug design, pharmaceuticals, and biological applications.

Ultralight plasmonic structural color paint.

All present commercial colors are based on pigments. While such traditional pigment-based colorants offer a commercial platform for large-volume and angle insensitiveness, they are limited by their instability in atmosphere, color fading, and severe environmental toxicity. Commercial exploitation of artificial structural coloration has fallen short due to the lack of design ideas and impractical nanofabrication techniques. Here, we present a self-assembled subwavelength plasmonic cavity that overcomes these challenges while offering a tailorable platform for rendering angle and polarization-independent vivid structural colors. Fabricated through large-scale techniques, we produce stand-alone paints ready to be used on any substrate. The platform offers full coloration with a single layer of pigment, surface density of 0.4 g/m2, making it the lightest paint in the world.

Angiosarcoma gastrointestinal multifocal, con compromiso extenso de estómago, intestino delgado y colon. Reporte de un caso / Multifocal gastrointestinal angiosarcoma, with extensive gastric, small intestine and colon involvement. A case report

Introducción. El angiosarcoma es una neoplasia vascular originada a nivel del endotelio, de baja frecuencia, conocido por su agresividad y crecimiento acelerado. Alcanza solo el 1 al 2 % del total de los sarcomas. La presentación gastrointestinal es infrecuente y su incidencia es poco conocida debido al escaso reporte de casos en la literatura. Suele identificarse en etapas avanzadas debido a la dificultad del diagnóstico histopatológico por sus características morfológicas, siendo necesario aplicar tinciones especiales o estudio inmunohistoquímico. Caso clínico. Por su interés y singularidad, presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 54 años, quien consultó con hemorragia digestiva profusa, anemización y requerimiento de terapia transfusional. Resultados. Durante el proceso diagnóstico, en la endoscopia encontraron diversas lesiones multifocales que se extendían por gran parte del tracto gastrointestinal. El estudio histopatológico mostró angiosarcoma gastrointestinal. Discusión. El angiosarcoma del tracto gastrointestinal es extremadamente infrecuente, de difícil diagnóstico y bajas posibilidades de manejo curativo, con opciones terapéuticas limitadas, lo que configura un mal pronóstico a corto plazo

Introduction. Angiosarcoma is a vascular neoplasm originating from endothelial cells, known for its aggressiveness, accelerated growth and reduced frequency. Reach only 1 to 2% of total sarcomas. Gastrointestinal presentation is extremely rare, the true incidence is poorly known, due to the limited reports of this entity in the literature. It is usually identified in advanced stages in view of the difficulty of the histopathological diagnosis, attributable to its morphological characteristics, being necessary to apply special stains or immunohistochemical study. Case report. Due to their interest and uniqueness, we present the case of a 54-year-old male patient, who presented with a profuse gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia, and requirement for transfusion therapy. Results. The endoscopy detected several multifocal lesions that extended most of the gastrointestinal tract. The histopathological study showed gastrointestinal angiosarcoma. Discussion. Angiosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract is extremely uncommon, difficult to diagnose and has low possibilities of curative management, with limited therapeutic options, which configures a poor prognosis in the short term

Tunable angle-selective optical transparency induced by photonic topological transition in Dirac semimetals-based hyperbolic metamaterials.

The tunable angle-selective transparency of hyperbolic metamaterials consisting of various multilayers of Dirac semimetal and dielectric materials are theoretically and numerically studied in the terahertz range. Three stack configurations are considered: alternating, sandwiched, and disordered. It is found that the proposed structures exhibit strong optical angular selectivity induced by photonic topological transition for transverse magnetic waves. Interestingly, the topological transition frequency can be flexibly modulated by changing the Fermi energy, temperature, and the releasing time of the Dirac semimetal, as well as the thickness ratio of the dielectric and semimetal layers. It is also noticed that the angular optical transparency properties are independent of the order of the proposed structure even in alternating/disordered/random configurations if the total thickness ratio of the semimetal to dielectric are the same, which makes the properties particularly easy to realize experimentally. The proposed hyperbolic metamaterial structures present a promising opportunity for wavefront engineering, offering crucial properties for applications in private screens, optical detectors, and light manipulation.

Combination therapy with topical alprostadil and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors after failure of oral therapy in patients with erectile dysfunction: a prospective, two-arm, open-label, non-randomized study.

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) are the first-line therapeutic option for erectile dysfunction (ED), while second-line therapy includes the alprostadil. Due to the different pharmacodynamic mechanism of PDE5Is and alprostadil, a synergistic action is conceivable when they are administered in combination. The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with PDE5I and topical alprostadil in patients with ED non-responders to PDE5I alone. We designed a prospective, two-arm, open-label, non-randomized study. Patients over 18 years old, with a stable sexual relationship for at least 6 months, and ED non-responders to PDE5I monotherapy were included in the study. At baseline the variables assessed were 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and Sexual Encounter Profile Questions 2 and 3 (SEP-2 and SEP-3). In addition, all subjects underwent penile dynamic duplex ultrasonography. All patients were assigned to the monotherapy group (Group A) or combination therapy group (Group B) based on their preference. Topical alprostadil 300 µg/100 mg (Virirec®) was the treatment assigned to Group A, while the combination therapy with the last PDE5I taken (at the maximum recommended dose) plus topical alprostadil 300 µg/100 mg (Virirec®) was assigned to Group B. After 3 months from assignment to groups were evaluated IIEF-5, SEP-2 and SEP-3 regarding the last sexual intercourse, and Global Assessment Questionnaire-Questions 1 and 2 (GAQ-1 and GAQ-2). All adverse events (AEs) that occurred during the study period were recorded. A total of 170 patients were included in the study (72 in Group A and 98 in Group B). Fifty-two patients were previously treated with sildenafil 100 mg (30.6%), 6 with vardenafil 20 mg (3.5%), 56 with tadalafil 20 mg (32.9%), and 56 with avanafil 200 mg (32.9%). No significant differences among the study groups were found at baseline (p > 0.05). The mean IIEF-5 score increased significantly in Group B after treatment compared to baseline (12.4 ± 3.4 vs. 17.1 ± 4.5; p < 0.001), conversely patients in Group A showed no significant increase (12.2 ± 2.5 vs. 12.7 ± 3.1; p = 0.148). The number of affirmative responses to SEP-2 was significantly higher after treatment compared to baseline only in Group B (57 vs. 78; p < 0.001). The number of affirmative responses to SEP-3 was significantly higher after treatment compared to baseline in both groups (p < 0.001). The number of affirmative responses to GAQ-Q1 and GAQ-Q2 was significantly higher in Group B compared to Group A (p < 0.001). A total of 59 (34.7%) patients experienced AEs. They were mild, self-limited, and did not cause discontinuation of treatment. No episode of priapism was recorded. No statistically significant difference was recorded between the AEs of the two groups, except for facial flushing that was reported only in Group B (p = 0.021). The combination therapy with topical alprostadil and PDE5I seems to be more effective than topical alprostadil alone without worsening the safety of the treatment.

A Tri-Band Cooled Receiver for Geodetic VLBI.

This paper shows a simultaneous tri-band (S: 2.2-2.7 GHz, X: 7.5-9 GHz and Ka: 28-33 GHz) low-noise cryogenic receiver for geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (geo-VLBI) which has been developed at Yebes Observatory laboratories in Spain. A special feature is that the whole receiver front-end is fully coolable down to cryogenic temperatures to minimize receiver noise. It was installed in the first radio telescope of the Red Atlántica de Estaciones Geodinámicas y Espaciales (RAEGE) project, which is located in Yebes Observatory, in the frame of the VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS). After this, the receiver was borrowed by the Norwegian Mapping Autorithy (NMA) for the commissioning of two VGOS radiotelescopes in Svalbard (Norway). A second identical receiver was built for the Ishioka VGOS station of the Geospatial Information Authority (GSI) of Japan, and a third one for the second RAEGE VGOS station, located in Santa María (Açores Archipelago, Portugal). The average receiver noise temperatures are 21, 23, and 25 Kelvin and the measured antenna efficiencies are 70%, 75%, and 60% in S-band, X-band, and Ka-band, respectively.

Superficial glans ischemia after penile prosthesis successfully treated by conservative treatment.

Glandular ischemia is an extremely uncommon dreaded postoperative complication of inflatable penile prosthesis surgery that may lead to penile gangrene and organ loss, whose incidence is difficult to determine. We report the case of a 56-year-old male admitted to our department with complaints of cold and painful glans penis after penile implant one month before. A color Doppler examination revealed the normal intracavernosal arteries with no vascularity in the superficial glans tissues. Due to the mild severity of the ischemia, conservative management was suggested, and consisted of oral pentoxifylline and hyperbaric therapy for 10 days, achieving a significant improvement at 4 months of follow-up.

A rare case of penile metastases from small cell prostate cancer / Un caso inusual de metástasis peneanas en el carcinoma prostático de células pequeñas

We present a case of an 83-year-old-male with painless penile nodules several months after he was diagnosed with pure prostatic small cell carcinoma. Penile doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated solid nodules in both corpora cavernosa. Fine-needle aspiration of the nodules with immunohistochemical examination confirmed prostatic small cell carcinoma origin of metastases. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare disorder accounting for less than 1% of all prostate cancers, the penis being an uncommon site for metastasis. An extremely low number of cases of penile metastases from prostatic small cell carcinoma has been reported to date in the literature

Presentamos un caso de un varón de 83 años con nódulos peneanos indoloros, tras ser diagnosticado meses atrás de carcinoma prostático de células pequeñas puro. La eco-doppler e imagen de resonancia magnética de pene reflejaron nódulos sólidos en ambos cuerpos cavernosos. La aspiración con aguja fina de los nódulos con prueba inmunohistoquímica confirmó el origen metastásico del carcinoma de células pequeñas. El carcinoma prostático de células pequeñas es un trastorno inusual que representa menos del 1% de todos los cánceres prostáticos, siendo el pene un sitio infrecuente de metástasis. Hasta la fecha se ha reportado en la literatura un número de casos extremadamente bajo de metástasis peneanas en el carcinoma de próstata de células pequeñas

A rare case of penile metastases from small cell prostate cancer.

We present a case of an 83-year-old-male with painless penile nodules several months after he was diagnosed with pure prostatic small cell carcinoma. Penile doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated solid nodules in both corpora cavernosa. Fine-needle aspiration of the nodules with immunohistochemical examination confirmed prostatic small cell carcinoma origin of metastases. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare disorder accounting for less than 1% of all prostate cancers, the penis being an uncommon site for metastasis. An extremely low number of cases of penile metastases from prostatic small cell carcinoma has been reported to date in the literature.

Self-assembled plasmonics for angle-independent structural color displays with actively addressed black states.

Nanostructured plasmonic materials can lead to the extremely compact pixels and color filters needed for next-generation displays by interacting with light at fundamentally small length scales. However, previous demonstrations suffer from severe angle sensitivity, lack of saturated color, and absence of black/gray states and/or are impractical to integrate with actively addressed electronics. Here, we report a vivid self-assembled nanostructured system which overcomes these challenges via the multidimensional hybridization of plasmonic resonances. By exploiting the thin-film growth mechanisms of aluminum during ultrahigh vacuum physical vapor deposition, dense arrays of particles are created in near-field proximity to a mirror. The sub-10-nm gaps between adjacent particles and mirror lead to strong multidimensional coupling of localized plasmonic modes, resulting in a singular resonance with negligible angular dispersion and ∼98% absorption of incident light at a desired wavelength. The process is compatible with arbitrarily structured substrates and can produce wafer-scale, diffusive, angle-independent, and flexible plasmonic materials. We then demonstrate the unique capabilities of the strongly coupled plasmonic system via integration with an actively addressed reflective liquid crystal display with control over black states. The hybrid display is readily programmed to display images and video.

Evaluación del sistema PI-RADSv2 en una cohorte de pacientes sometidos a biopsia prostática por fusión / Evaluation of the PI-RADSv2 classification in a cohort of patients who underwent a prostate fusion biopsy

INTRODUCCIÓN: La biopsia prostática por fusión se describe como superior a la biopsia transrectal sistemática para identificar lesiones sospechosas de carcinoma de próstata. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la clasificación PIRADS propuesto por la Sociedad Europea de Radiología Urogenital para la detección de cáncer de próstata mediante RNM en una cohorte consecutiva de pacientes con RNM y biopsia guiada por fusión. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional transversal. 87 pacientes con sospecha de cáncer de próstata sometidos a biopsia de próstata transperineal y fusión con RNM en nuestro centro. Describimos tumor significativo como Gleason ≥ 7(3 + 4), y carcinoma de alto riesgo como Gleason ≥ 8. Utilizamos la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para analizar la relación entre cáncer de próstata y PIRADS, así como regresión logística y pruebas de tendencia lineal, comparando las proporciones con medidas de intensidad de asociación. Empleamos el sistema HITACHI Real-Time Virtual Sonography y el software STATA/IC v.14.2 para el análisis estadístico. RESULTADOS: 64,37% pacientes presentaron resultado positivo para malignidad. Media de edad 67,89 años (SD 7,42), de PSA total 9,15 ng/ml (SD 7,85), y de volumen prostático 54,05 cc (SD 22,92). Se biopsiaron 124 lesiones sospechosas en RNM (25% PIRADS III, 57,26% PIRADS IV y 17,74% PIRADS V). 5/31 lesiones PIRADS III, 47/71 PIRADS IV y 18/22 PIRADS V fueron positivas para malignidad, con relación lineal estadísticamente significativa entre PIRADS y malignidad (p < 0,001), razón de prevalencias (RP) 4,10 (IC95% 1,81-9,32) para PIRADS IV, y RP 5,07 (CI95% 2,2211,59) para PIRADS V respecto a PIRADS III. 3,23% lesiones PIRADS III, 32,39% PIRADS IV y 63,64% PIRADS V correspondieron a tumores significativos. Encontramos asociación estadísticamente significativa entre PIRADS y tumores significativos (p < 0,001), RP 10,04 (IC95% 1,42-71,09) para PIRADS IV y RP 19,73 (IC95% 2,80139,18) para PIRADS V respecto a PIRADS III. CONCLUSIÓN: Nuestros resultados muestran que la biopsia de próstata ecodirigida y por fusión utilizando RNM es una técnica segura con excelentes resultados para obtener un diagnóstico preciso de cáncer de próstata, y puede mejorar el diagnóstico de malignidad y de tumores significativos reduciendo el sobrediagnóstico

INTRODUCTION: Prostate Fusion biopsy (MRI + prostate ultrasound) is described in literature as superior to classic random transrectal biopsy in order to identify suspicious lesion. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) proposed by the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) for detection of prostate cancer by multiparametric MRI in a consecutive cohort of patients with MRI and transrectal ultrasound prostate fusion-guided biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 87 patients with suspected Prostatic Cancer on prostate MRI underwent fusion transperineal prostate biopsy in our Department. 37 patients had at least one prior negative classic prostatic transrectal biopsy. Clinically significant tumor was described as Gleason 7(3+4) or higher. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between prostate cancer and the different PIRADS stages, as well as logistic regression and linear trend tests, comparing the proportions using measures of association intensity. We use the HITACHI Real-Time Virtual Sonography (HI-RVS) system, and the STATA/IC v.14.2 software for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 64.37% patients had tested positive for malignancy. Median age 67.89 years old. Median PSA 9.15 ng/ml, and average prostate volume was 54.05 cc. 124 suspicious lesions were described in prostate MRI (25% PIRADS III, 57% PIRADS IV and 17% PIRADS V). 5/31 lesions PIRADS III, 47/71 PIRADS IV and 18/22 PIRADS V were positive for malignancy, with a statistically significant linear relationship between PIRADS and malignancy (p < 0.001) - HR 4.10 (CI 95% 1.81 to 9.32) for PIRADS IV and HR 5.07 (CI95% 2.22 to 11.59) for PIRADS V vs. PIRADS III. 3.23% lesions PIRADS III, 32.39% PIRADS IV and 63.64% PIRADS V corresponded to significant tumors. A statistically significant association between PIRADS and significant tumors (p < 0.001) - HR 10.04 (CI95% 1.42 to 71.09) for PIRADS IV and HR 19.73 (CI95% 2.80 to 139.18) for PIRADS V vs PIRADS III was observed -. CONCLUSION: Our results show that transperineal targeted prostate biopsy using multiparametric MRI and transrectal ultrasound fusion is a safe procedure with excellent outcomes to obtain an accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer. Fusion biopsy has the potential to improve the diagnosis of malignancy and clinically significant tumors while reducing overdiagnosis

Corrección quirúrgica de la curvatura residual tras colocación de una prótesis de pene / Surgical repair of residual curvature after penile implant

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